{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:06:09Z","timestamp":1791309969091,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study aimed to examine the association between frailty and depressive symptoms. Methods: Cross-sectional and five-year longitudinal study. Data were from the population-based Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) waves six (2015) and eight (2020). Frailty was assessed using the SHARE-Frailty Instrument. Fatigue, appetite, walking difficulties, and physical activity were self-reported, and grip strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer. The EURO-D 12-item scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. Results: The sample comprised 25,771 older adults (56.2% female) with a mean age of 66.5 (95% CI 66.4, 66.6) years. The prevalence of frailty was 4.2% (95% CI 3.9, 4.4) in 2015 and 6.7% (95% CI 13.5, 14.3) in 2020. Among frail participants, 72.5% and 69.6% had depression in 2015 and 2020, respectively. Frailty was associated with depression over the 5 years. Those with pre-frailty and those with frailty in 2015 had 1.86 (95% CI 1.71, 2.01) and 2.46 (95% CI 2.14, 2.83) greater odds of having depressive symptoms in 2020. Conclusions: Frailty is a predictor of depression in older adults, and frail participants had greater odds of presenting depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192114055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,30]],"date-time":"2022-10-30T04:57:34Z","timestamp":1667105854000},"page":"14055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Prevalence of Frailty and Its Association with Depressive Symptoms among European Older Adults from 17 Countries: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Priscila","family":"Marconcin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIPER-Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Piaget Institute, 2805-059 Almada, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0714-4798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Barak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children\u2019s Hospital, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3177-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerson","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad F\u00edsica, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-692X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9lvio R.","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"},{"name":"LARSYS-Laboratory for Robotics and Engineering System, Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3577-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo","family":"de Maio Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do S\u00e3o Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1366-0561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata","family":"Willig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Piaget Institute, 2805-059 Almada, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECI\u2014Research Unit in Education and Community Intervention, Piaget Institute, 2805-059 Almada, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9850-7771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adilson","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIPER-Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"ISAMB-Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S168750","article-title":"Frailty syndrome: Implications and challenges for health care policy","volume":"12","author":"Kojima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Risk Manag. 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