{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:14:46Z","timestamp":1780503286573,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas","award":["PSI.PHA.22.01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PSI.PHA.22.01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many companies to adopt different work modalities to ensure their operation during this period. In this study, we described and compared working conditions and perceptions among face-to-face workers, teleworkers, and hybrid workers in Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 542 participants, using a self-report survey to assess sociodemographic data, working conditions, and workers\u2019 perceptions. Variables were described and then compared by the Chi-square test, ANOVA, and the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test. The results indicated a higher proportion of on-site workers without higher education and in the public sector compared to the other modalities. At the same time, there was evidence of increased perceived productivity. People in the hybrid modality tended to have more than one job, earning a higher monthly salary, perceiving a decrease in productivity, an increase in daily working hours, and a lower capacity for time management. In addition, most teleworkers reported fair working conditions, a dedicated workspace, and easy adaptation to this work mode. This study builds a more in-depth understanding of how workers perceived their working conditions among work modalities for organizational decision-making because the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic is modifying the ways of working permanently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192114337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T03:11:21Z","timestamp":1667445081000},"page":"14337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A Comparison of Working Conditions and Workers\u2019 Perceptions among On-Site, Telework, and Hybrid Workers in Ecuador during the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3483-3070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Vinueza-Cabezas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Educaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170124, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2687-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Osejo-Taco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Educaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170124, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Unda-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Educaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170124, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-9567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Educaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170124, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1797-3258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Hidalgo-Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Psicolog\u00eda y Educaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170124, Ecuador"},{"name":"Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Jos\u00e9 11501, Costa Rica"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-02873-x","article-title":"Telework Satisfaction, Wellbeing and Performance in the Digital Era. 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