{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:03:10Z","timestamp":1782741790239,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Lead management in children and young adults is still a matter of debate. Methods: To assess the course of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) in adults with pacemakers implanted in childhood (CIP) we compared 98 CIP patients with a control group consisting of adults with pacemakers implanted in adulthood (AIP). Results: CIP patients differed from AIP patients with respect to indications for TLE and pacing history. CIP patients were four\u2013eight times more likely to require second-line or advanced tools. Furthermore, CIP patients more often than AIP were prone to developing complications: major complications (MC) (any) 2.6 times; hemopericardium 3.2 times; severe tricuspid valve damage 4.4 times; need for rescue cardiac surgery 3.7 times. The rate of procedural success was 11% lower because of 4.8 times more common lead remnants and 3.1 times more frequent permanently disabling complications. Conclusions: Due to system-related risk factors TLE in CIP patients is more difficult and complex. TLE in CIP is associated with an increased risk of MC and incomplete lead removal. A conservative strategy of lead management, acceptable in very old patients seems to be less suitable in CIP because it creates a subpopulation of patients at high risk of major complications during TLE in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192114594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T10:53:06Z","timestamp":1667904786000},"page":"14594","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Transvenous Lead Extraction in Adult Patient with Leads Implanted in Childhood-Is That the Same Procedure as in Other Adult Patients?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Kutarski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1091-9788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Jache\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Silesian Medical University, 41-800 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6632-6551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Polewczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Patophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, \u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Center of Cardiology, 25-736 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2441-3876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Nowosielecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Pope John Paul II Province Hospital, 22-400 Zamo\u015b\u0107, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Pope John Paul II Province Hospital, 22-400 Zamo\u015b\u0107, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Miszczak-Knecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Brzezinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bieganowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Children\u2019s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"240","article-title":"Permanent pacemaker implantation in children after open heart cardiac surgery (author\u2019s transl)","volume":"8","author":"Macr","year":"1978","journal-title":"G. 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