{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:21:48Z","timestamp":1762075308002,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Uganda ranks among the countries with the highest burden of TB the world and tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) affects up to 2% of people diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis worldwide. In Africa, it represents the most common cause of pericardial disease. Here, we present the case of a 21-year-old male patient who was diagnosed of cardiac tamponade due to tuberculous pericarditis with a positive urine LF-LAM. Case report: We report a case of a 21-year-old male living in Oyam district, Uganda, who presented to the emergency department with difficulty in breathing, easy fatigability, general body weakness, and abdominal pain. A chest X-ray showed the presence of right pleural effusion and massive cardiomegaly. Thus, percutaneous pericardiocentesis was performed immediately and pericardial fluid resulted negative both for gram staining and real-time PCR test Xpert MTB\/RIF. The following day\u2019s urine LF-LAM test resulted positive, and antitubercular therapy started with gradual improvement. During the follow-up visits, the patient remained asymptomatic, reporting good compliance to the antitubercular therapy. Conclusion: Our case highlights the potential usefulness of a LF-LAM-based diagnostic approach, suggesting that, in low-resource settings, this test might be used as part of routine diagnostic workup in patients with pericardial disease or suspected extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T03:12:20Z","timestamp":1668654740000},"page":"15143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Subacute Cardiac Tamponade Due to Tuberculous Pericarditis Diagnosed by Urine Lipoarabinomannan Assay in a Immunocompetent Patient in Oyam District, Uganda: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Elda","family":"De Vita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5276-2603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco Vladimiro","family":"Segala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica\u2014Sezione di Malattie Infettive, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Amone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s XXIII Hospital Aber, Jaber 21310, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kabuga","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s XXIII Hospital Aber, Jaber 21310, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4199-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Marotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctors with Africa CUAMM, 35100 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0256-1744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Putoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctors with Africa CUAMM, 35100 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritah","family":"Nassali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s XXIII Hospital Aber, Jaber 21310, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3611-4352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Lochoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctors with Africa CUAMM, Kampala 21310, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4833-7118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide Fiore","family":"Bavaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7771-5421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerry","family":"Ictho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctors with Africa CUAMM, Kampala 21310, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Okori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s XXIII Hospital Aber, Jaber 21310, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3453-5647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Doctors with Africa CUAMM, 35100 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Saracino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2022, June 14). 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