{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:59:29Z","timestamp":1785895169245,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commission","award":["871029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["871029"]}]},{"name":"European Commission","award":["NCT04392388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT04392388"]}]},{"name":"Aix-Marseille University","award":["871029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["871029"]}]},{"name":"Aix-Marseille University","award":["NCT04392388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT04392388"]}]},{"name":"Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (Inserm)","award":["871029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["871029"]}]},{"name":"Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (Inserm)","award":["NCT04392388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT04392388"]}]},{"name":"University of Corsica","award":["871029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["871029"]}]},{"name":"University of Corsica","award":["NCT04392388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT04392388"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Uncertainties remain regarding the nature and durability of the humoral immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Aim: This study investigated immunoglobulin G response and neutralizing activity to evaluate the mean antibody concentrations and response duration induced by each vaccination regimen in a French adult population. Methods: A study including blood sampling and questionnaires was carried out from November 2020 to July 2021 with three separate follow-up phases. Spike proteins and neutralizing antibodies were quantified using ELISA and a virus-neutralization test. Results: Overall, 295 participants were included. Seroprevalences were 11.5% (n = 34), 10.5% (n = 31), and 68.1% (n = 201) in phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Importantly, 5.8% (n = 17) of participants lost their natural antibodies. Antibody response of participants with only a prior infection was 88.2 BAU\/mL, significantly lower than those vaccinated, which was 1909.3 BAU\/mL (p = 0.04). Moreover, the antibody response of vaccinated participants with a prior infection was higher (3593.8 BAU\/mL) than those vaccinated without prior infection (3402.9 BAU\/mL) (p = 0.78). Vaccinated participants with or without prior infection had a higher seroneutralization rate (91.0%) than those unvaccinated with prior infection (65.0%). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that single infection does not confer effective protection against SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T03:05:11Z","timestamp":1668999911000},"page":"15257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Eight Months of Serological Follow-Up of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in France: A Study among an Adult Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Dorine","family":"Decarreaux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Universit\u00e9 de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France"},{"name":"INSERM, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Institut Pierre Louis d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, IPLESP, 75012 Paris, France"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9507-996X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Sevila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Universit\u00e9 de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-4512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirley","family":"Masse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Universit\u00e9 de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3618-1582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisandru","family":"Capai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Universit\u00e9 de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7806-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toscane","family":"Fouri\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8695-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola Mariela Saba","family":"Villarroel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6052-3944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdennour","family":"Amroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9715-8394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"Nurtop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Vareille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie, Universit\u00e9 de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Blanchon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Institut Pierre Louis d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, IPLESP, 75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"de Lamballerie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7675-8251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remi","family":"Charrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 des Virus \u00e9mergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, 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