{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T14:43:16Z","timestamp":1776782596989,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21CA260423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21CA260423"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Respiratory effects of e-cigarette use among youth are not fully understood. This study investigated the longitudinal association between e-cigarette use and a validated index of functionally important respiratory symptoms among US youth. Data from Waves 3\u20134 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study were analyzed. The sample included youth (aged 12\u201317) without asthma at baseline (Wave 3), who completed a follow-up survey (Wave 4), and were not missing data for analytic variables (n = 3899). Exposure was e-cigarette use status (never, former, or current) at baseline. The outcome was a respiratory symptom index based on responses for seven wheezing items at Wave 4. An index of \u22652 was defined as having functionally important respiratory symptoms. Lagged logistic regression models examined the association between baseline e-cigarette use and functionally important respiratory symptoms at follow-up by combustible tobacco use status (never or ever), and controlling for baseline covariates. At baseline, 13.7% of participants reported former e-cigarette use, and 4.3% reported current use. Baseline e-cigarette use did not increase the odds of having functionally important respiratory symptoms at follow-up regardless of combustible tobacco use status. Future research on larger populations of e-cigarette users with longer follow-up periods will improve our understanding of the respiratory risks associated with e-cigarette use among youth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T03:05:11Z","timestamp":1668999911000},"page":"15324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Youth E-Cigarette Use and Functionally Important Respiratory Symptoms: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Waves 3 and 4"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6063-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth R.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Heath, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0856-3540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raymond","family":"Niaura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6931-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles M.","family":"Cleland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Heath, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott E.","family":"Sherman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Heath, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY 10010, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andi","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Heath, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Karey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0714-750X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Heath, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7140a3","article-title":"Notes from the Field: E-cigarette Use Among Middle and High School Students-United States, 2022","volume":"71","author":"Cooper","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR. 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Physiol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/22\/15324\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:22:08Z","timestamp":1760145728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/22\/15324"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph192215324"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph192215324","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]}}}