{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T03:54:04Z","timestamp":1771041244982,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To explore the depression and anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and to identify potential risk factors. Methods: A multicentre observational cohort study including 536 women was performed at three hospitals in Spain. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Scale, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) were assessed after birth. Depression (EPDS) and anxiety (STAI) symptoms were measured, and the cut-off scores were set at 10 and 13 for EPDS, and at 40 for STAI. Results: Regarding EPDS, 32.3% (95% CI, 28% to 36.5%) of women had a score \u2265 10, and 17.3% (95% CI, 13.9% to 20.7%) had a score \u2265 13. Women with an STAI score \u2265 40 accounted for 46.8% (95% CI, 42.3% to 51.2%). A lower level of social support (MOS-SSS), a fetal malformation diagnosis and a history of depression (p = 0.000, p = 0.019 and p = 0.043) were independent risk factors for postpartum depression. A lower level of social support and a history of mental health disorders (p = 0.000, p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for postpartum anxiety. Conclusion: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an increase in symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed during the postpartum period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192315445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T08:25:28Z","timestamp":1669105528000},"page":"15445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Social Support and Mental Health in the Postpartum Period in Times of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Spanish Multicentre Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1840-5087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maia","family":"Brik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Sandonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena Rocio","family":"Horrillo Murillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rogelio","family":"Monfort Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Arteaga Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"de Arriba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Iglesias Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Parramon-Puig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Suy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Emilia","family":"Dip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2221-2560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Perales Marin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics Department, Hospital Universitario La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Maiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josep Antoni","family":"Ramos-Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Carreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20769","article-title":"Perinatal mental health: A review of progress and challenges","volume":"19","author":"Howard","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ESEMeD\/MHEDEA 2000 Investigators, Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M.C., Bernert, S., Bruffaerts, R., Brugha, T.S., Bryson, H., de Girolamo, G., De Graaf, R., and Demyttenaere, K. 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