{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T03:01:07Z","timestamp":1791342067228,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["1R15DK132728-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R15DK132728-01"]}]},{"name":"University of Tennessee Open Publishing Support Fund","award":["1R15DK132728-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R15DK132728-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parabens are alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid that are commonly used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Humans are exposed to parabens when they use these products and through diet. There are growing concerns that paraben exposure can adversely impact human health. The endocrine-disrupting and obesogenic properties of parabens have been observed in animal studies and in vitro, prompting the increase in population-based studies of paraben exposure and adiposity-related endpoints. In this review, we summarize epidemiological studies published between 2017 and 2022 that examined paraben exposure in utero, between birth and adolescence, and in adulthood, in relation to adiposity-related measures. Overall, these studies provide some evidence that suggests that paraben exposure, especially during critical development windows, is associated with adiposity-related measures. However, we have noted several limitations in these studies, including the predominance of cross-sectional studies, inconsistent sample collection procedures, and small sample sizes, which should be addressed in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192316268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T04:40:09Z","timestamp":1670215209000},"page":"16268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Impact of Paraben Exposure on Adiposity-Related Measures: An Updated Literature Review of Population-Based Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xinyun","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8297-7039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3917","article-title":"Review of the safety of application of cosmetic products containing parabens","volume":"40","author":"Matwiejczuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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