{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:58:55Z","timestamp":1792159135287,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study aimed to examine the changes that occurred in vertical jump and isokinetic dynamometer (ISK) performances at the beginning of a preparatory period (PRE) and at the start of the competitive period (POST). Sixteen U-17 elite female volleyball players, from a national level (15.34 \u00b1 1.19 years; 66.35 \u00b1 7.95 kg; 169.22 \u00b1 24.79 cm), performed bilateral squat jump (SJ), bilateral and unilateral countermovement jump (CMJ) and unilateral ISK tests for knee flexors (Fl) and extensors (Ex) both at 60\u00b0\/s and at 300\u00b0\/s. Peak torque (PT) and the hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratio were assessed by concentric actions. Asymmetries were calculated by the percentage differences between dominant (DOM) and nondominant legs (NDOM). The paired Student\u2019s t-test was used for comparisons at a level of significance of 5%. The effect size was also calculated. A significant increase was found for both SJ (15%; p = 0.004; ES = 0.82) and CMJ (12%; p = 0.017; ES = 0.62). The PT of NDOM flexors at 60\u00b0\/s was significantly lower than DOM both at PRE (4.6%; p = 0.048; ES = \u22120.22) and POST (6.3%; p = 0.037; ES = \u22120.33). The NDOM extensors at 60\u00b0\/s had a significantly lower PT than DOM at POST (7.0%; p = 0.048; ES = \u22120.23). Both DOM and NDOM flexors at 60\u00b0\/s had a PT enhancement at POST related to PRE (6.7%; p = 0.031; ES = 0.51 and 5.6%; p = 0.037; ES = 0.48, respectively). The PT of NDOM extensors at 300\u00b0\/s increased at POST in comparison to PRE (7.9%; p = 0.038; ES = 0.27). The NDOM at 300\u00b0\/s had a H:Q ratio higher than DOM both in PRE and POST (8.6%; p = 0.041; ES = 0.37 and 11.6%; p = 0.013; ES = 0.71, respectively), and the highest H:Q ratios were lower than the reference values (&lt;80%). The asymmetry of the unilateral CMJ was higher at POST than at PRE (102%; p = 0.03; ES = 0.81). The PT for the flexors at 300\u00b0\/s and the H:Q ratio at POST exceeded 10%. In conclusion, a training program of 15 weeks increased the neuromuscular performance of young volleyball athletes, but many H:Q ratios and asymmetries remained out of the normal recommendation. Volleyball professionals should carefully apply an adequate training program to enhance physical fitness performance without increasing the risk of lower limb injuries concurrently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T01:44:31Z","timestamp":1670463871000},"page":"16420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Long-Term Changes in Vertical Jump, H:Q Ratio and Interlimb Asymmetries in Young Female Volleyball Athletes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Cesar Cavinato Cal","family":"Abad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Winicius Rodrigues","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerusa Petr\u00f3vna Resende","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anderson Jose Santana","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael Planas Correa","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elder Aparecido","family":"Facin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Jose","family":"Izar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiano Gomes","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Centre of Sport Science of Social Service of Industry, CRCE-SESI, S\u00e3o Paulo 05574-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15344","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19687-3","article-title":"Heart rate and blood lactate responses during the volleyball match","volume":"12","author":"Cengizel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"365","article-title":"Energy requirements of elite volleyball players in training and competition","volume":"48","author":"Kasabalis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hum. Mov. Stud."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.2466\/05.11.25.PMS.111.6.893-900","article-title":"Sex Differences in Discriminative Power of Volleyball Game-Related Statistics. Percept","volume":"111","author":"Leite","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mot. Ski."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181ddf835","article-title":"Physical and Physiological Attributes of Female Volleyball Players-A Review","volume":"24","author":"Lidor","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1519\/1073-6840(1996)018<0018:VJTFV>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Vertical Jump Training for Volleyball","volume":"18","author":"Powers","year":"1996","journal-title":"Strength Cond. J."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"30","article-title":"Jumping and Landing Techniques in Elite Women\u2019s Volleyball","volume":"3","author":"Tillman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181f906ef","article-title":"A Training Program to Improve Neuromuscular Indices in Female High School Volleyball Players","volume":"25","author":"Noyes","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1260\/1747-9541.6.3.399","article-title":"Performance Enhancement following a Strength and Injury Prevention Program: A 26-Week Individualized and Supervised Intervention in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players","volume":"6","author":"Augustsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Sci. Coach."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sole, C.J., Kavanaugh, A.A., and Stone, M.H. (2017). Injuries in Collegiate Women\u2019s Volleyball: A Four-Year Retrospective Analysis. Sports, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/sports5020026"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"295","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate women\u2019s volleyball injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988\u20131989 through 2003\u20132004","volume":"42","author":"Agel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Athl. Train."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1515\/hukin-2015-0150","article-title":"Lower Limb Neuromuscular Asymmetry in Volleyball and Basketball Players","volume":"50","author":"Gual","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hum. Kinet."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"105","article-title":"Isokinetic dynamometry: Normative data for clinical use in lower extremity (knee) cases","volume":"11","author":"Goslin","year":"1979","journal-title":"ScandiRehabilMed"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1021104","article-title":"Isokinetic Evaluation of Muscular Performance","volume":"15","author":"Kannus","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.14198\/jhse.2020.153.03","article-title":"The relationship between isokinetic knee flexion and extension muscle strength, jump performance, dynamic balance and injury risk in female volleyball players","volume":"15","author":"Soylu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hum. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"2204","article-title":"Higher Vertical Jumping Asymmetries and Lower Physical Performance are Indicators of Increased Injury Incidence in Youth Team-Sport Athletes","volume":"36","author":"Bishop","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2018-0179","article-title":"Preseason Functional Performance Test Measures Are Associated With Injury in Female College Volleyball Players","volume":"29","author":"Brumitt","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sport Rehabilit."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181ddf690","article-title":"Predicting Asymmetrical Lower Extremity Strength Deficits in College-Aged Men and Women Using Common Horizontal and Vertical Power Field Tests: A Possible Screening Mechanism","volume":"25","author":"Keeley","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2018.1435712","article-title":"The relationship between strength asymmetries and jumping performance in professional volleyball players","volume":"18","author":"Schons","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Biomech."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-122738","article-title":"Functional Screening Tests: Interrelationships and Ability to Predict Vertical Jump Performance","volume":"39","author":"LoTurco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A., Bishop, C., Busc\u00e0, B., Aguilera-Castells, J., Vicens-Bordas, J., and Gonzalo-Skok, O. (2020). Inter-limb asymmetries are associated with decrements in physical performance in youth elite team sports athletes. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229440"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900113","article-title":"Preseason strength and flexibility imbalances associated with athletic injuries in female collegiate athletes","volume":"19","author":"Knapik","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001322","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2022-001322","article-title":"Prevalence of muscle imbalance and its potential influence on injury among female acrobatic dancers","volume":"8","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marfell-Jones, M., and Olds, T. (2007). Kinanthropometry X: Proceedings of the 10th International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry Conference. Held in Conjunction with the 13th Commonwealth International Sport Conference, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203944745"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181ccb18d","article-title":"Validity and Reliability of Optojump Photoelectric Cells for Estimating Vertical Jump Height","volume":"25","author":"Glatthorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"590","article-title":"Reliability and Validity of a Linear Position Transducer for Measuring Jump Performance","volume":"18","author":"Cronin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbo.2015.12.002","article-title":"Index of fatigue quadriceps in soccer athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","volume":"51","author":"Cavalcante","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Ortop."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3233\/IES-2001-0076","article-title":"Reproducibility of concentric and eccentric isokinetic strength of the knee flexors in elite volleyball players","volume":"9","author":"Dauty","year":"2001","journal-title":"Isokinet. Exerc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1995.tb09927.x","article-title":"Isokinetic hamstring\/quadriceps strength ratio: Influence from joint angular velocity, gravity correction and contraction mode","volume":"154","author":"Aagaard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13524","article-title":"Influence of between-limb asymmetry in muscle mass, strength, and power on functional capacity in healthy older adults","volume":"29","author":"Mertz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2478\/v10078-012-0045-1","article-title":"H:Q Ratios and Bilateral Leg Strength in College Field and Court Sports Players","volume":"33","author":"Cheung","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hum. Kinet."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.2478\/hukin-2022-0058","article-title":"The Effect of Aquatic Plyometric Training on Jump Performance Including a Four-week Follow-up in Youth Female Volleyball Players","volume":"83","author":"Ruschel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hum. Kinet."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31816a42d0","article-title":"Changes in Strength and Power Performance in Elite Senior Female Professional Volleyball Players During the In-Season: A Case Study","volume":"22","author":"Marques","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1998). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, No. 1, Lwrence Earlbaum Associates Publishers."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","article-title":"A power primer","volume":"112","author":"Cohen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002546","article-title":"Effects of Combined Balance and Plyometric Training on Athletic Performance in Female Basketball Players","volume":"34","author":"Bouteraa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"955","article-title":"Four Weeks of Optimal Load Ballistic Resistance Training at the End of Season Attenuates Declining Jump Performance of Women Volleyball Players","volume":"20","author":"Newton","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"682","article-title":"Effects of plyometric training and creatine supplementation on maximal-intensity exercise and endurance in female soccer players","volume":"19","author":"Nakamura","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Sci. Med. Sport"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"223","article-title":"Changes in physical fitness profile in female volleyball players during the competitive season","volume":"33","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"51","article-title":"Neuromuscular Training Improves Performance and Lower-Extremity Biomechanics in Female Athletes","volume":"19","author":"Myer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3182606e05","article-title":"Seasonal Changes of Jumping Performance and Knee Muscle Strength in Under-19 Women Volleyball Players","volume":"27","author":"Rousanoglou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181da77f6","article-title":"Seasonal Changes in Jump Performance and Body Composition in Women Volleyball Players","volume":"25","author":"Arija","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001912","article-title":"Jumping Performance is Preserved but Not Muscle Thickness in Collegiate Volleyball Players After a Taper","volume":"32","author":"Bazyler","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050667","article-title":"Peak power assessment in isokinetic dynamometry","volume":"82","author":"Iossifidou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5539\/jel.v8n6p31","article-title":"Examination of Balance and Isokinetic Strength in Female Volleyball Players","volume":"8","author":"Cengizel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Educ. Learn."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.08.002","article-title":"Analysis of the association between isokinetic knee strength with offensive and defensive jumping capacity in high-level female volleyball athletes","volume":"18","author":"Sattler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Sci. Med. Sport"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v75i1.478","article-title":"Velocity-specific knee strength between professional and under-17 female volleyball players","volume":"75","author":"Pelegrinelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Physiother."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400405","article-title":"Neuromuscular Performance Characteristics in Elite Female Athletes","volume":"24","author":"Huston","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1515\/hukin-2015-0121","article-title":"Knee Muscles Isokinetic Evaluation after a Six-Month Regular Combined Swim and Dry-Land Strength Training Period in Adolescent Competitive Swimmers","volume":"49","author":"Dalamitros","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hum. Kinet."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2015.1068437","article-title":"Core stability training on lower limb balance strength","volume":"34","author":"Padulo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400611","article-title":"Plyometric Training in Female Athletes","volume":"24","author":"Hewett","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2023.118022","article-title":"Effects of 6 weeks in-season flywheel squat resistance training on strength, vertical jump, change of direction and sprint performance in professional female soccer players","volume":"40","author":"Pecci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Sport."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.22271\/kheljournal.2022.v9.i1d.2369","article-title":"Concepts and principles of sports training: A narrative review based on the classic literature of reference","volume":"9","author":"Antunes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Phys. Educ. Sports Health"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s42978-021-00136-y","article-title":"An Off-season Plyometric and Resistance Training Programme to Improve Vertical Jump Height in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players","volume":"4","author":"Balasas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sci. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200408000-00001","article-title":"Decrease in Neuromuscular Control About the Knee with Maturation in Female Athletes","volume":"86","author":"Hewett","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"31","article-title":"Power-velocity relationship and muscular strength in female volleyball players during preparatory period and competition season","volume":"21","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Bioeng. Biomech."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v17.i2.20","article-title":"Risk Factors in Noncontact ACL Injuries: A Review of the Literature","volume":"17","author":"Zeller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Phys. Rehabilit. Med."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2006.05.003","article-title":"A comparison of factors influencing ACL injury in male and female athletes and non-athletes","volume":"7","author":"Bowerman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Ther. Sport"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"15","article-title":"Effects of dynamic stretches on isokinetic hamstring and quadriceps femoris muscle strength in elite female soccer players","volume":"34","author":"Colak","year":"2012","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Res. Sport Phys. Educ. Recreat."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.04.009","article-title":"Hamstrings to quadriceps peak torque ratios diverge between sexes with increasing isokinetic angular velocity","volume":"11","author":"Hewett","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Sci. Med. Sport"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"263","article-title":"A Prospective Study of Overuse Knee Injuries Among Female Athletes With Muscle Imbalances and Structural Abnormalities","volume":"39","author":"Devan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Athl. Train."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922808323903","article-title":"Preseason Neuromuscular Exercise Program Reduces Sports-Related Knee Pain in Female Adolescent Athletes","volume":"48","author":"Labella","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalata, M., Maly, T., Hank, M., Michalek, J., Bujnovsky, D., Kunzmann, E., and Zahalka, F. (2020). Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry among Young Elite Athletes of Various Sports. Medicina, 56.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56120683"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno-P\u00e9rez, V., Rodas, G., Pe\u00f1aranda-Moraga, M., L\u00f3pez-Samanes, \u00c1., Romero-Rodr\u00edguez, D., Aagaard, P., and Del Coso, J. (2022). Effects of Football Training and Match-Play on Hamstring Muscle Strength and Passive Hip and Ankle Range of Motion during the Competitive Season. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19052897"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2019.85453","article-title":"Adolescent female soccer players\u2019 soccer-specific warm-up effects on performance and inter-limb asymmetries","volume":"36","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Sport"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003526","article-title":"The Association Between Interlimb Asymmetry and Athletic Performance Tasks: A Season-Long Study in Elite Academy Soccer Players","volume":"36","author":"Bishop","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2015-0743","article-title":"Single-Leg Power Output and Between-Limbs Imbalances in Team-Sport Players: Unilateral Versus Bilateral Combined Resistance Training","volume":"12","author":"Arjol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mesfar, A., Hammami, R., Selmi, W., Gaied-Chortane, S., Duncan, M., Bowman, T.G., Nobari, H., and Tillaar, R.V.D. (2022). Effects of 8-Week In-Season Contrast Strength Training Program on Measures of Athletic Performance and Lower-Limb Asymmetry in Male Youth Volleyball Players. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19116547"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2019-0265","article-title":"Effects of Combined Strength and Power Training on Physical Performance and Interlimb Asymmetries in Adolescent Female Soccer Players","volume":"15","author":"Bishop","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2850","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2021.1968123","article-title":"Seasonal variation of inter-limb jumping asymmetries in youth team-sport athletes","volume":"39","author":"Bishop","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003152","article-title":"Interlimb Asymmetries in Youth Tennis Players: Relationships With Performance","volume":"34","author":"Bishop","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"1519","article-title":"Seasonal Variation of Physical Performance, Bilateral Deficit, and Interlimb Asymmetry in Elite Academy Soccer Players: Which Metrics Are Sensitive to Change?","volume":"10","author":"Bishop","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parpa, K., and Michaelides, M. (2022). Anterior-Posterior and Inter-Limb Lower Body Strength Asymmetry in Soccer, Basketball, Futsal, and Volleyball Players. Medicina, 58.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58081080"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018-0920","article-title":"A Comparison of 3 Different Unilateral Strength Training Strategies to Enhance Jumping Performance and Decrease Interlimb Asymmetries in Soccer Players","volume":"14","author":"Bishop","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Physiol. Perform."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno-Azze, A., Arjol-Serrano, J., Falc\u00f3n-Miguel, D., Bishop, C., and Gonzalo-Skok, O. (2021). Comparison of Three Eccentric Overload Training Strategies on Power Output and Interlimb Asymmetry in Youth Soccer Players. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18168270"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3370","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003341","article-title":"Effects of Combined Resistance Training and Weightlifting on Injury Risk Factors and Resistance Training Skill of Adolescent Males","volume":"35","author":"Pichardo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1177\/17479541211011438","article-title":"Effects of an integrative neuromuscular training protocol vs FIFA 11+ on sprint, change of direction performance and interlimb asymmetries in young soccer players","volume":"17","author":"Arede","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Sci. Coach."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098944","article-title":"Effectiveness of multicomponent lower extremity injury prevention programmes in team-sport athletes: An umbrella review","volume":"53","author":"Brunner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31823a3e2d","article-title":"Concurrent Training","volume":"26","author":"Wilson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seipp, D., Quittmann, O.J., Fasold, F., and Klatt, S. (2022). Concurrent training in team sports: A systematic review. Int. J. Sports Sci. Coach.","DOI":"10.1177\/17479541221099846"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schumann, M., and R\u00f8nnestad, B.R. (2019). Methodological considerations for concurrent training. Aerobic and Strength Training: Scientific Basics and Practical Applications, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75547-2"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01627-2","article-title":"Comparison of weightlifting, traditional resistance training and plyometrics on strength, power and speed: A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Morris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sport. Med."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"489","article-title":"Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Vertical Jump Height of Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trial","volume":"19","author":"Andrade","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudisill, S.S., Varady, N.H., Kucharik, M.P., Eberlin, C.T., and Martin, S.D. (2022). Evidence-Based Hamstring Injury Prevention and Risk Factor Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am. J. Sports Med.","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465221083998"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090664","article-title":"Risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury in sport: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Freckleton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2019-0388","article-title":"Effect of Nordic Hamstring Exercise Training on Knee Flexors Eccentric Strength and Fascicle Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"30","author":"Medeiros","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sport Rehabilit."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/24\/16420\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:35:52Z","timestamp":1760146552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/24\/16420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph192416420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph192416420","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]]}}}