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047537-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"NIEHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 NS 047537-06A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 NS 047537-06A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"NIEHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32ES031832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32ES031832"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prenatal organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are ubiquitous and have been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, few studies have examined prenatal OPs in relation to diagnosed attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with only two studies exploring this relationship in a population primarily exposed through diet. In this study, we used a nested case-control study to evaluate prenatal OP exposure and ADHD diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). For births that occurred between 2003 and 2008, ADHD diagnoses were obtained from linkage of MoBa participants with the Norwegian Patient Registry (N = 297), and a reference population was randomly selected from the eligible population (N = 552). Maternal urine samples were collected at 17 weeks\u2019 gestation and molar sums of diethyl phosphates (\u03a3DEP) and dimethyl phosphates metabolites (\u03a3DMP) were calculated. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between prenatal OP metabolite exposure and child ADHD diagnosis. Additionally, multiplicative effect measure modification (EMM) by child sex was assessed. In most cases, mothers in the second and third tertiles of \u03a3DMP and \u03a3DEP exposure had slightly lower odds of having a child with ADHD, although confidence intervals were wide and included the null. EMM by child sex was not observed for either \u03a3DMP or \u03a3DEP. In summary, we did not find evidence that OPs at 17 weeks\u2019 gestation increased the odds of ADHD in this nested case-control study of ADHD in MoBa, a population primarily experiencing dietary exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T04:54:14Z","timestamp":1671080054000},"page":"16851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure at 17 Weeks\u2019 Gestation and Odds of Offspring Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8685-9953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber M.","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jake E.","family":"Thistle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5795-1216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cherrel K.","family":"Manley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle R.","family":"Roell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7391-1428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda M.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8947-6632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gro D.","family":"Villanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health and Development, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Reichborn-Kjennerud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Zeiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Cequier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amrit K.","family":"Sakhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cathrine","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Aase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health and Development, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12381","article-title":"Annual research review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Polanczyk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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