{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:41:58Z","timestamp":1791409318323,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Aid to Research Group (GR21003) from the Regional Government of Extremadura (Department of Economy and Infrastructure)","award":["GR21003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR21003"]}]},{"name":"European Union through the ERDF","award":["GR21003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR21003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objectives of this study were to analyze the injuries suffered during the previous year by amateur padel players according to the characteristics of the racket, their usual volume of practice and their experience in padel. A total of 950 amateur players (X age: 31.68 years; X weight: 70.84 kg; X height: 170.9 cm) participated voluntarily, completing an ad-hoc questionnaire. The results indicated that the appearance of the injuries and their location was different according to the sex of the amateur padel players. Men had a higher incidence of muscle and ligament injuries in the shoulder, and tendon injuries in the elbow. On the other hand, women had a greater probability of having muscle injuries in the shoulder and arm, ligament injuries in the elbow and bone injuries in the wrist and elbow. In general, tendon injuries were the most common injury in padel and the shoulder and elbow were the most affected areas. Moreover, men tend to use heavy (CSR = 6.0), fiberglass or carbon (CSR = 2.1), diamond-shaped rackets (CSR = 3.2), with a hard core (CSR = 4.4) and with two or more over grips (CSR = 2.7). Women usually use less heavy (CSR = 6.0), round-shaped rackets (CSR = 4.9), with a soft core (CSR = 4.4) and with one or no over grips (CSR = 2.7). In addition, men tend to play padel more often and have been practicing for longer. In conclusion, although the risk of injury depends on many factors, we identified that the characteristics of the racket, the volume of weekly practice, the experience of the player and the gender of the player are fundamental aspects to take into account for the prevention of injuries in amateur padel players.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192416858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T04:54:14Z","timestamp":1671080054000},"page":"16858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Incidence of Upper Body Injuries in Amateur Padel Players"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4107-6864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Coronado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda C.","family":"Robles-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Padel MBA, 28729 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7196-5606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Escudero-Tena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Training Optimization and Sport Performance Research Group (GOERD), Sport Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10005 Caceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Gim\u00e9nez, A., Pradas de la Fuente, F., Castellar Ot\u00edn, C., and Carrasco P\u00e1ez, L. (2022). Performance outcome measures in padel: A scoping review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19074395"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"International Padel Federation (2022). List of IPF Associated Countries, FIP."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Escudero-Tena, A., S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz, J., Garc\u00eda-Rubio, J., and Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, S.J. (2021). Analysis of game performance indicators during 2015\u20132019 World Padel Tour seasons and their influence on match out-come. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094904"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Escudero-Tena, A., Mu\u00f1oz, D., S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz, B.J., Garc\u00eda-Rubio, J., and Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, S.J. (2022). Analysis of errors and winners in men\u2019s and women\u2019s professional padel. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12168125"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Escudero-Tena, A., Mu\u00f1oz, D., Garc\u00eda-Rubio, J., and Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, S.J. (2022). Analysis of the Actions of Net Zone Approach in Padel: Validation of the NAPOA Instrument. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19042384"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pradas, F., Garc\u00eda-Gim\u00e9nez, A., Toro-Rom\u00e1n, V., S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz, B.J., Ochiana, N., and Castellar, C. (2020). Effect of a padel match on biochemical and hematological parameters in professional players with regard to gender-related differences. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12208633"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"285","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis antropom\u00e9trico y de somatotipo en jugadores de p\u00e1del en funci\u00f3n de su nivel de juego","volume":"41","author":"Grijota","year":"2021","journal-title":"Retos Nuevas Tend. Educ. F\u00eds. Deporte Recreaci\u00f3n"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"29","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis del bienestar subjetivo del jugador de p\u00e1del","volume":"29","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Psicol. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"467","article-title":"Diferencias en la forma de organizaci\u00f3n de las sesiones de p\u00e1del con estudiantes\/Differences in Forms of Organization of the Padel Lessons with Students","volume":"17","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Int. Med. Cienc. Act. F\u00eds. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz, B.J., Mart\u00ednez-Gallego, R., Llana, S., Vu\u010dkovi\u0107, G., Mu\u00f1oz, D., Courel-Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, J., S\u00e1nchez-Pay, A., and Ram\u00f3n-Llin, J. (2021). Ball Impact Position in Recreational Male Padel Players: Implications for Training and Injury Management. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020435"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"816","article-title":"Incidence of musculoskeletal sport injuries in a sample of male and female recreational paddle-tennis players","volume":"57","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Sport. Med. Phys. Fit."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.33155\/j.ramd.2018.02.004","article-title":"Estudio descriptivo de lesiones de p\u00e1del: Relaci\u00f3n con el g\u00e9nero, edad, nivel de los jugadores y localizaci\u00f3n de las lesiones","volume":"12","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Andal. Med. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"641","article-title":"Epidemiology of injuries in professional and amateur Spanish paddle players","volume":"19","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Int. Med. Cienc. Act. F\u00edsica Deporte"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"359","article-title":"Epidemiolog\u00eda de las lesiones laborales en entrenadores de p\u00e1del","volume":"47","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retos Nuevas Tend. Educ. F\u00eds. Deporte Recreaci\u00f3n"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"175","article-title":"Prevenci\u00f3n de lesiones en el p\u00e1del","volume":"6","author":"Burruezo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trances Rev. Transm. Conoc. Educ. Y Salud"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.4100\/jhse.2013.84.04","article-title":"Padel: A quantitative study of the shots and movements in the high-performance","volume":"8","author":"Melis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hum. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-13-00148","article-title":"Tennis injuries: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment","volume":"23","author":"Dines","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAAOS J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1038","article-title":"Un Sistema de clasificaci\u00f3n de los dise\u00f1os de investigaci\u00f3n en psicolog\u00eda","volume":"29","author":"Ato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"17","article-title":"Avances en estudios observacionales de Ciencias del Deporte desde los mixed methods","volume":"16","author":"Anguera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cuad. Psicol. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Field, A. (2019). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS, Sage Publications."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Crewson, P. (2006). Applied Statistics Handbook, AcaStat Software."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"9","article-title":"Percepci\u00f3n de los factores que provocan lesiones en jugadores de p\u00e1del","volume":"27","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Entren. Deport."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"93","article-title":"La altura como factor de rendimiento en p\u00e1del profesional: Diferencia entre g\u00e9neros","volume":"29","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acci\u00f3n Mot."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pradas, F., S\u00e1nchez-Pay, A., Mu\u00f1oz, D., and S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz, B.J. (2021). Gender Differences in Physical Fitness Characteristics in Professional Padel Players. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115967"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1080\/24748668.2015.11868857","article-title":"Match analysis of elite players during paddle tennis competition","volume":"15","author":"Ramirez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5232\/ricyde2018.05103","article-title":"Effect of gender and match outcome on professional padel competition","volume":"14","author":"Lupo","year":"2018","journal-title":"RICYDE Rev. Int. Cienc. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Escudero-Tena, A., Fern\u00e1ndez-Cortes, J., Garc\u00eda-Rubio, J., and Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, S.J. (2020). Use and efficacy of the lob to achieve the offensive position in women\u2019s professional padel. Analysis of the 2018 wpt finals. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17114061"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Alcaraz, B.J., Perez-Puche, D.T., Pradas, F., Ram\u00f3n-Ll\u00edn, J., S\u00e1nchez-Pay, A., and Mu\u00f1oz, D. (2020). Analysis of performance parameters of the smash in male and female professional padel. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17197027"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1080\/24748668.2021.1930363","article-title":"Sex differences in professional padel players: Analysis across four seasons","volume":"21","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"241","article-title":"Influencia del g\u00e9nero en la estructura temporal y las acciones de juego del p\u00e1del profesional","volume":"11","author":"Echegaray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cult. Cienc. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.22456\/1982-8918.30119","article-title":"Pr\u00e1tica desportiva, um meio de preven\u00e7\u00e3o do bullying na escola?","volume":"19","author":"Melim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Movimento"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"7","article-title":"Actitud de los universitarios ante la pr\u00e1ctica f\u00edsicodeportiva: Diferencias por g\u00e9nero","volume":"17","author":"Moreno","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev. Psicol. Deporte"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2003000800014","article-title":"G\u00eanero e pr\u00e1tica de atividade f\u00edsica de lazer","volume":"19","author":"Heilborn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cad. Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S1886-6581(08)70066-5","article-title":"Revisi\u00f3n de las estrategias para la prevenci\u00f3n de lesiones en el deporte desde la actividad f\u00edsica","volume":"43","year":"2008","journal-title":"Apunt. Med. L Esport"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/24\/16858\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:41:51Z","timestamp":1760146911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/24\/16858"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph192416858"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph192416858","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]}}}