{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:46:02Z","timestamp":1787028362243,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: An abnormally high body mass index is strongly associated with knee osteoarthritis. Usually, obese patients are excluded from clinical trials involving PRP intra-articular injections. Growth factors have been demonstrated to have a disease-modifying effect on KOA treatment, even though data on their influence on treatment effectiveness in obese patients are lacking. Purpose: To prospectively compare the level of selected growth factors including transforming growth factor-b (TGF-\u03b2), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in obese patients and patients with normal BMI. Methods: A total of 49 patients were included in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The groups strongly differed in body mass index (median values 21.6 vs. 32.15). Concentrations of growth factors were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical significance was determined with the Mann-Whitney U test. The compliance of the distribution of the results with the normal distribution was checked using the Shapiro\u2013Wilk test separately for both groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in median marker levels between groups. Statistically significant Pearson correlations were observed between IGF-1 serum level and age (weak negative, r = \u22120.294, p = 0.041) and gender (moderate positive, r = 0.392, 0.005). Conclusions: BMI does not influence the level of selected growth factors in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Obese and non-obese patients had similar compositions of PDGF, TGF-\u03b2, EGF, FGF-2, IGF-1, and VEGF. PRP can be used in both groups with similar effects associated with growth factors\u2019 influence on articular cartilage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T02:31:33Z","timestamp":1671589893000},"page":"40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Influence of Body Mass Index on Growth Factor Composition in the Platelet-Rich Plasma in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Wici\u0144ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7027-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawid","family":"Szwedowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Dr. A. Jurasza St. 2, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland"},{"name":"Orthopedic Arthroscopic Surgery International (O.A.S.I.) Bioresearch Foundation, Gobbi N.P.O., 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Jeka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85168 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2714-2466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Zabrzy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Oncology and Trauma Surgery, University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.08.009","article-title":"The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: A systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Pereira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.50","article-title":"The role of metabolism in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"13","author":"Mobasheri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szwedowski, D., Szczepanek, J., Paczesny, \u0141., P\u0119ka\u0142a, P., Zabrzy\u0144ski, J., and Kruczy\u0144ski, J. (2020). Genetics in Cartilage Lesions: Basic Science and Therapy Approaches. Int. J. 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