{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:46:02Z","timestamp":1787028362271,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Personality traits are one of the major factors influencing the behavior and functioning of an individual, and they play a crucial role in the development of psychosomatic disorders and diseases. This paper aimed to evaluate the importance of personality traits in temporomandibular disorder (TMDs) development using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory by Paul Costa and Robert McCrae (the Five-Factor Model of Personality, known as the Big Five). Moreover, the relationship between personality type and the intensity of dysfunctional changes in the stomatognathic system was assessed using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory by Paul Costa and Robert McCrae (the Five-Factor Model of Personality, known as the Big Five). Material and Methods: The study included a group of 75 adult participants (aged 19\u201352) with TMD diagnosed according to DC\/TMD criteria and a control group of 75 participants without symptoms of dysfunction. The study consisted of a questionnaire and clinical study; the questionnaire included the NEO-FFI psychological questionnaire and a self-authored one. The clinical part consisted of extra- and intraoral dental examinations. Results: Participants who clenched their teeth showed a greater degree of conscientiousness than those who did not exhibit this symptom (p = 0.048). Presence of headaches was correlated with greater severity of neuroticism (p = 0.001). Moreover, participants with enamel cracks showed a lower intensity of extraversion (p = 0.039), and those with worn hard dental tissues showed a higher intensity of neuroticism (p = 0.03), a lower intensity of conscientiousness (p = 0.01), and a lower intensity of extroversion (p = 0.046). Acoustic symptoms during mandibular movements were found to be linked with a higher level of neuroticism (p = 0.020), a lower level of extraversion (p = 0.035), and a lower level of conscientiousness, whereas pain upon mandibular movements were linked to a lower level of conscientiousness (p = 0.025). Participants with pain upon palpation of the masticatory muscles showed a lower level of conscientiousness (p = 0.01) compared to those without pain symptoms. Episodes of mandibular blockage or problems with its adduction depend on the intensity of conscientiousness (p = 0.007). Moreover, people from the study group with high levels of neuroticism showed lower protrusion values (p = 0.016). Conclusion: The intensity of individual personality traits was found to be associated with some TMDs in comparison to healthy controls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T04:42:47Z","timestamp":1672116167000},"page":"352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of Personality Type on the Occurrence of Temporomandibular Disorders\u2014A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Mitrowska-Gu\u017ami\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"G\u0119bska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal System, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Jonko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0652-664X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Dalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9365-7882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Pa\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Dental Practice, 68-200 Zary, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Ch\u0119\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Szczecin, Krakowska 69, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Sobolewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s12124-018-9420-3","article-title":"The Future of Personality Theory: A Processual Approach","volume":"2","author":"Kostromina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Integr. 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