{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:43:15Z","timestamp":1785307395904,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]],"date-time":"2023-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The nature and characteristics of the current work environment of law enforcement professionals point out role-conflict situations as one of the main reasons leading to the occurrence of hostile behaviors and the worsening of employees\u2019 well-being. Precisely, this research analyzes the mediating role of role conflict between laissez-faire leadership and hostility or police professionals\u2019 emotional exhaustion. To mitigate the negative effects of role-conflict situations, the moderating role of certain personal resources such as self-efficacy, and organizational variables such as interactional justice, the meaning of the work and family\u2013work enrichment is also analyzed. Structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis are used in a sample of 180 police professionals. The results show that role conflict fully and positively mediates the relationships between laissez-faire leadership and hostile behaviors or emotional exhaustion. Moreover, self-efficacy and interactional justice moderates the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and role conflict; the meaning of the work moderates the relationships between role conflict and hostile behaviors, and family\u2013work enrichment moderates the relationship between role conflict and employees\u2019 emotional exhaustion. The huge relevance of the work of law enforcement professionals and its implications for society justify this research, which aims to highlight the importance of avoiding role-conflict situations to improve labor welfare and prevent counterproductive and unhealthy behaviors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]],"date-time":"2023-01-03T02:51:39Z","timestamp":1672714299000},"page":"863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["How to Prevent Hostile Behaviors and Emotional Exhaustion among Law Enforcement Professionals: The Negative Spiral of Role Conflict"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9844-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda \u00c1ngeles","family":"L\u00f3pez-Cabarcos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, Santiago de Compostela University, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3565-7355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anal\u00eda","family":"L\u00f3pez-Carballeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, Santiago de Compostela University, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3370-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Ferro-Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, Vigo University, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J. 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