{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T11:00:06Z","timestamp":1791543606770,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021ME059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021ME059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Groundwater serving as a drinking water resource usually contains manganese ions (Mn2+) that exceed drinking standards. Based on the Mn biogeochemical cycle at the hydrosphere scale, bioprocesses consisting of aeration, biofiltration, and disinfection are well known as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly ecotechnology for removing Mn2+. The design of aeration and biofiltration units, which are critical components, is significantly influenced by coexisting iron and ammonia in groundwater; however, there is no unified standard for optimizing bioprocess operation. In addition to the groundwater purification, it was also found that manganese-oxidizing bacteria (MnOB)-derived biogenic Mn oxides (bioMnOx), a by-product, have a low crystallinity and a relatively high specific surface area; the MnOB supplied with Mn2+ can be developed for contaminated water remediation. As a result, according to previous studies, this paper summarized and provided operational suggestions for the removal of Mn2+ from groundwater. This review also anticipated challenges and future concerns, as well as opportunities for bioMnOx applications. These could improve our understanding of the MnOB group and its practical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20021272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T01:33:12Z","timestamp":1673400792000},"page":"1272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A Review of Manganese-Oxidizing Bacteria (MnOB): Applications, Future Concerns, and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2701-6945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanan","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaochao","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunze","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bowen","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejun","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139619","article-title":"Mercury biogeochemical cycling: A synthesis of recent scientific advances","volume":"737","author":"Gustin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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