{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:46:00Z","timestamp":1787028360554,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIHR Advanced Fellowship","award":["NIHR300099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR300099"]}]},{"name":"NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre","award":["NIHR300099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR300099"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Children &lt; 5 years living in temporary accommodation (U5TA) are vulnerable to poor health outcomes. Few qualitative studies have examined service provider perspectives in family homelessness; none have focused on U5TA with a cross-sector approach. This study explored professionals\u2019 perspectives of the barriers and facilitators, including pandemic-related challenges, experienced by U5TA in accessing healthcare and optimising health outcomes, and their experiences in delivering services. Methods: Sixteen semi-structured online interviews were conducted. Professionals working in Newham (London) with U5TA families were recruited from non-profit organisations, the health sector, and Local Authority. A thematic analysis was conducted. Findings: Professionals described barriers including poor parental mental health; unsuitable housing; no social support; mistrust of services; immigration administration; and financial insecurity. Digital poverty, language discordance, and the inability to register and track U5TA made them even less visible to services. Professionals tried to mitigate barriers with improved communication, and through community facilitators. Adverse pandemic effects on U5TA health included delay and regression in developmental milestones and behaviours. In-person services were reduced, exacerbating pre-existing barriers. Interpretation: COVID-19 further reduced the ability of professionals to deliver care to U5TA and significantly impacted the lives of U5TA with potential life-long risks. Innovative and tailored cross-sector strategies are needed, including co-production of public health services and policies focusing on early development, mental health support, employment training, and opportunities for parents\/carers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20021300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T02:06:03Z","timestamp":1673402763000},"page":"1300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["How Does Living in Temporary Accommodation and the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact under 5s\u2019 Healthcare Access and Health Outcomes? A Qualitative Study of Key Professionals in a Socially and Ethnically Diverse and Deprived Area of London"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1238-5003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Margot","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK"},{"name":"UCL Collaborative Centre for Inclusion Health, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4905-5136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoinette","family":"Schoenthaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1458-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Heys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK"},{"name":"Specialist Children and Young People\u2019s Services, East London NHS Foundation Trust, London E15 4PT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5618-7247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcella","family":"Ucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, The Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources, University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3549-6232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Collaborative Centre for Inclusion Health, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK"},{"name":"UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashlee","family":"Teakle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, London Borough of Newham, London E16 2QU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9855-2043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Lakhanpaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK"},{"name":"Community Paediatrics, Whittington Health NHS, London N19 5NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7169-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celine","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK"},{"name":"North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3BH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"cmac075","article-title":"A systematic scoping review of primary health care service outreach for homeless populations","volume":"39","author":"Kopanitsa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fam. 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