{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T20:51:03Z","timestamp":1789332663189,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: The association between chronic diseases and depression has received increasing attention, and are both considered to increase the risk of functional impairment. However, previous research evidence is controversial. Our study aimed to investigate the association between depression, three types of vascular disease (i.e., hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke), diabetes mellitus, and functional impairment in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people. Methods: We designed a cross sectional study. Data were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018. Logistic regression models were used to explore the association between independent variables and functional status. Results: Lower functional status was significantly associated with comorbid depression and vascular disease\/diabetes mellitus (Activity of Daily Living\/Instrumental Activity of Daily Living: Adjusted OR of Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Myocardial infarction, Stroke is 3.86\/4.30, 3.80\/4.38, 3.60\/4.14, 6.62\/7.72, respectively; all p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Depression is associated with functional decline in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals with vascular disease\/diabetes mellitus. Identifying mediational factors and preventative strategies to reduce concurrent depression in persons with vascular diseases should be a priority therapeutic vista.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20021602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T03:10:34Z","timestamp":1673838634000},"page":"1602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Presence of Depression Is Associated with Functional Impairment in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Adults with Vascular Disease\/Diabetes Mellitus\u2014A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yuxiao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2022-6934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayla M.","family":"Teopiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leanna M. W.","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger S.","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008853","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008853","article-title":"Dementia risk estimates associated with measures of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Cherbuin","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2008.01.001","article-title":"Depression, anxiety and somatization in primary care: Syndrome overlap and functional impairment","volume":"30","author":"Spitzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gen. 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