{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T07:22:51Z","timestamp":1763018571021,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EU-financed InterDoktorMen project","award":["POWR.03.02.00-00-I027\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWR.03.02.00-00-I027\/16"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drug-resistant bacteria are one of the main reasons of deaths worldwide. One of the significant groups of these bacteria are carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). The goal of this cross-sectional study was the identification and hierarchisation of selected risk factors of CPE colonisation. To achieve that goal, we examined 236 patients for the presence of CPE using the standard method of anal swabs. The patients were divided into three groups: hospitalised patients; those chronically dialysed; those requiring home care. A very thorough medical interview was conducted for comorbidities. A statistical analysis relationship between comorbidities and locations of the patient\u2019s stay with the positive result of the culture was investigated. A significant relationship was demonstrated between the positive result of the culture and confirmed dementia, heart failure, connective tissue diseases, and established irregularities in the level of leukocytes. No significant relationship was demonstrated with the remaining comorbidities considered in the study. Afterwards these factors were compared for importance for the assessment of risk of a positive swab result\u2014the biggest importance was found in establishing connective tissue disease. Next were dementia, abnormal values of leukocytes, heart failure, and at the end, stay at the orthopaedics ward. Conclusions: The study identified asymptomatic carriers of CPE, which demonstrates the need for further studies in order to identify infection risk factors. The connective tissue diseases are the most important variable which enable the prediction of CPE colonisation\u2014the next ones are dementia, abnormal values of leukocytes, heart failure, and stay at the orthopaedics ward.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20031960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T06:52:41Z","timestamp":1674197561000},"page":"1960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Identification and Preliminary Hierarchisation of Selected Risk Factors for Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) Colonisation: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Timler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7129-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Timler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariadna","family":"Bednarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1842-7558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Zakonnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2781-5341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remigiusz","family":"Koz\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-212 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5415-5660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Timler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine and Disaster Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-212 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Marczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators (2022). 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