{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T18:57:48Z","timestamp":1784746668286,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFC2006200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2006200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20YTB018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20YTB018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Foundation","award":["2020YFC2006200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2006200"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Foundation","award":["20YTB018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20YTB018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in older adults. Promoting physical activity (PA) and avoiding sedentary behavior (SB) serve as key strategies to maintain and improve human health. However, ambient air pollution can adversely affect PA and SB, increasing the risks of health problems. This study aimed to visualize national spatial patterns of average AQI concentration, PA, and SB distributions and to examine the associations between air pollution and PA and SB in a national sample of Chinese older adults aged 60 years or older. Methods: We analyzed the data of the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey 2020 (CLASS 2020), which sampled 11,399 older men and women from 30 cities in China. Moderate, vigorous, and light PA and SB were measured using the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-C). The environmental measures included the average hourly air quality index (AQI), PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 (\u00b5g\/m3). The data were analyzed using multivariable linear regression. Results: Increases in the standard deviations (\u00b1SD) of AQI, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 concentrations were associated with decreases in MVPA per week of \u22122.34 (95%CI = \u22123.36, \u22121.32), \u22122.58 (95%CI = \u22123.61, \u22121.55), \u22121.96 (95%CI = \u22123.05, \u22120.08), and \u22121.19 (95%CI = \u22122.06, \u22120.31) and decreases in LPA per week of \u22126.06 (95%CI = \u22127.15, \u22124.97), \u22124.86 (95%CI = \u22125.88, \u22123.85), \u22124.78 (95%CI = \u22125.89, \u22123.68), and \u22124.59 (95%CI = \u22125.57, \u22123.61) h\/week, respectively. Increases in one SD of AQI, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were associated with increases in SB per week of 1.32 (95%CI = 0.77, 1.88), 0.62 (95%CI = 0.09, 1.14), 1.03 (95%CI = 0.48, 1.59), and 0.98 (95%CI = 0.46, 1.49) h\/week, respectively. Conclusions: The spatial distributions of the average AQI concentration, MVPA, LPA, and SB are useful and allow environmental and health policymakers to identify the areas with the highest priority air pollution environmental equality concerns. AQI was positively associated with MVPA and LPA, and it was negatively associated with SB among older adults. AQI, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were hardly associated with women\u2019s average time spent engaged in MVPA. Region-specific and multi-level health policy options are needed to reduce ambient air pollution by taking different types of pollutants into account in order to avoid changes in PA and SB in this population, especially in locations with high air pollution concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20032352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T03:56:27Z","timestamp":1675050987000},"page":"2352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association between Air Pollution and Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior among Adults Aged 60 Years or Older in China: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Bing","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport Management and Communication, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0508-3418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiurui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3369-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhixiong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Coaching Science, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Recreation and Community Sport, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1687-934X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongjun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3850-4656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bingzhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxia","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e457","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30179-8","article-title":"Air pollution and China\u2019s ageing society","volume":"3","author":"Ji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15371","article-title":"The contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale","volume":"525","author":"Lelieveld","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-013-0001-5","article-title":"Susceptibility of older adults to health effects induced by ambient air pollutants regulated by the European Union and the United States","volume":"25","author":"Shumake","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aging Clin. 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