{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:48:17Z","timestamp":1790354897183,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 102-2628-B-037-007-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 102-2628-B-037-007-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>School bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration are prevalent in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (AASD). However, the levels of adolescent\u2013caregiver agreement regarding the bullying involvement of AASD and the factors associated with these levels remain to be evaluated. In the present study, we evaluated the levels of adolescent\u2013caregiver agreement on the school bullying and cyberbullying involvement experiences of AASD and the factors associated with the levels of agreement. This study included 219 dyads of AASD and their caregivers. The school bullying and cyberbullying involvement experiences of the participating AASD were assessed using the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire and the Cyberbullying Experiences Questionnaire, respectively. Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), depressive and anxiety symptoms, and autistic social impairment were also assessed. AASD and their caregivers had poor to fair levels of agreement regarding the school bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration experiences of AASD. Severe inattention, hyperactivity\u2013impulsivity, ODD, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and autistic social impairment were associated with high levels of adolescent\u2013caregiver agreement. When assessing the bullying involvement experiences of AASD, mental health professionals should obtain information from multiple sources. In addition, the factors influencing the levels of agreement should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20043733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T03:56:07Z","timestamp":1676865367000},"page":"3733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Adolescent\u2013Caregiver Agreement Regarding the School Bullying and Cyberbullying Involvement Experiences of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tai-Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2934-5814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Lung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray C.","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Seattle Children\u2019s, Seattle, WA 98105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsing-Chang","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie Hsin-Yi","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiao-Fan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiang-Lin","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hsuan","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5320-1151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang-Jen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0269-8743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Jing","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jiun","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1156-4939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Fang","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, 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