{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:46:50Z","timestamp":1789181210971,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","award":["MOST 110-2637-H-166-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2637-H-166-001"]}]},{"name":"the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","award":["TCCRD112-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCCRD112-27"]}]},{"name":"Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan","award":["MOST 110-2637-H-166-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2637-H-166-001"]}]},{"name":"Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan","award":["TCCRD112-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCCRD112-27"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stroke patients presenting with anemia at the time of stroke onset had a higher risk of mortality and development of other cardiovascular diseases and comorbidities. The association between the severity of anemia and the risk of developing a stroke is still uncertain. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the association between stroke incidence and anemia severity (by WHO criteria). A total of 71,787 patients were included, of whom 16,708 (23.27%) were identified as anemic and 55,079 patients were anemia-free. Female patients (62.98%) were more likely to have anemia than males (37.02%). The likelihood of having a stroke within eight years after anemia diagnosis was calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression. Patients with moderate anemia had a significant increase in stroke risk compared to the non-anemia group in univariate analyses (hazard ratios [HR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.97\u20132.71, p &lt; 0.001) and in adjusted HRs (adj-HR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.02\u20131.43, p = 0.032). The data reveal that patients with severe anemia received more anemia treatment, such as blood transfusion and nutritional supplementation, and maintaining blood homeostasis may be important to preventing stroke. Anemia is an important risk factor, but other risk factors, including diabetes and hyperlipidemia, also affect stroke development. There is a heightened awareness of anemia\u2019s severity and the increasing risk of stroke development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20053849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T02:57:38Z","timestamp":1677034658000},"page":"3849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association between Anemia Severity and Ischemic Stroke Incidence: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hui-Fen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, No. 88 Fong-Shing Rd., Taichung City 42743, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1061-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsing-Fen","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 666 Buzih Rd., Taichung City 40601, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, No. 88 Fong-Shing Rd., Taichung City 42743, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4971-5616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju-Huei","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 666 Buzih Rd., Taichung City 40601, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Research, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, No. 88 Fong-Shing Rd., Taichung City 42743, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"20","author":"Feigin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e052593","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052593","article-title":"Nominal group technique to establish the core components of home-based rehabilitation for survivors of stroke with severe disability","volume":"11","author":"Fisher","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.032610","article-title":"Risk Factors, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Vascular Brain Health","volume":"53","author":"Gottesman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000416","article-title":"Stroke epidemiology and risk factor management","volume":"23","author":"Guzik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Continuum Lifelong Learn. 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