{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:39:35Z","timestamp":1791581975609,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of the study was to investigate 1: overall knowledge of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI) as well as knowledge, attitudes, and practice of pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME); and 2: the association of these factors with parity in pregnant women in Gondar, Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was performed in the Central Gondar zone, northwest Ethiopia between February and April 2021. The associations between parity and knowledge of POP and UI, and knowledge, attitude, and practice towards PFME were estimated using logistics regression models and presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Nulliparous women were used as the reference. Adjustments were made for maternal age, antenatal care visits, and level of education. The study sample comprised 502 pregnant women: 133 nulliparous, and 369 multiparous. We found no association between parity and knowledge of POP, UI, or knowledge, attitude, and practice toward PFME. The sum score indicated poor knowledge about both POP, UI, and PFME in the study population, and poor attitude and practice of PFME. Despite a high attendance in antenatal care services, knowledge, attitude, and practice were poor, indicating a need for quality improvement of the services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T03:23:36Z","timestamp":1677468216000},"page":"4201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pelvic Floor Disorders and Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise: A Survey on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Pregnant Women in Northwest Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5433-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merete Kolberg","family":"Tennfjord","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, 0152 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belayneh Ayanaw","family":"Kassie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Family Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zelalem Mengistu","family":"Gashaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7889-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengstu Melkamu","family":"Asaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Family Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haymanot Alem","family":"Muche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6327-4645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibebu Tadesse","family":"Fenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalkidan Nigussie","family":"Chala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2338-5447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina S.","family":"M\u00e6land","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5063 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, SHARE-Center for Resilience in Healthcare, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13432","article-title":"Change in pelvic organ support during pregnancy and the first year postpartum: A longitudinal study","volume":"123","author":"Reimers","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.04.001","article-title":"Graphic integration of causal factors of pelvic floor disorders: An integrated life span model","volume":"199","author":"Delancey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. 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