{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T03:04:59Z","timestamp":1780455899072,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FONDECYT","award":["1130049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1130049"]}]},{"name":"FONDECYT","award":["1170291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1170291"]}]},{"name":"FONDECYT","award":["022091BP-MED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["022091BP-MED"]}]},{"name":"FONDECYT","award":["21120077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21120077"]}]},{"name":"DICYT_USACH","award":["1130049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1130049"]}]},{"name":"DICYT_USACH","award":["1170291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1170291"]}]},{"name":"DICYT_USACH","award":["022091BP-MED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["022091BP-MED"]}]},{"name":"DICYT_USACH","award":["21120077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21120077"]}]},{"name":"Conicyt","award":["1130049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1130049"]}]},{"name":"Conicyt","award":["1170291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1170291"]}]},{"name":"Conicyt","award":["022091BP-MED"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["022091BP-MED"]}]},{"name":"Conicyt","award":["21120077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21120077"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Sympathetic stress stimulates norepinephrine (NE) release from sympathetic nerves. During pregnancy, it modifies the fetal environment, increases NE to the fetus through the placental NE transporter, and affects adult physiological functions. Gestating rats were exposed to stress, and then the heart function and sensitivity to in vivo adrenergic stimulation were studied in male progeny. Methods: Pregnant Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were exposed to cold stress (4 \u00b0C\/3 h\/day); rats\u2019 male progeny were euthanized at 20 and 60 days old, and their hearts were used to determine the \u03b2-adrenergic receptor (\u03b2AR) (radioligand binding) and NE concentration. The in vivo arterial pressure response to isoproterenol (ISO, 1 mg\/kg weight\/day\/10 days) was monitored in real time (microchip in the descending aorta). Results: Stressed male progeny presented no differences in ventricular weight, the cardiac NE was lower, and high corticosterone plasma levels were recorded at 20 and 60 days old. The relative abundance of \u03b21 adrenergic receptors decreased by 36% and 45%, respectively (p &lt; 0.01), determined by Western blot analysis without changes in \u03b22 adrenergic receptors. A decrease in the ratio between \u03b21\/\u03b22 receptors was found. Displacement of 3H-dihydroalprenolol (DHA) from a membrane fraction with propranolol (\u03b2 antagonist), atenolol (\u03b21 antagonist), or zinterol (\u03b22 agonist) shows decreased affinity but no changes in the \u03b2-adrenergic receptor number. In vivo exposure to ISO to induce a \u03b2-adrenergic overload provoked death in 50% of stressed males by day 3 of ISO treatment. Conclusion: These data suggest permanent changes to the heart\u2019s adrenergic response after rat progeny were stressed in the uterus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T02:28:09Z","timestamp":1677551289000},"page":"4285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exposure of the Gestating Mother to Sympathetic Stress Modifies the Cardiovascular Function of the Progeny in Male Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Piquer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies in Neuroendocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diandra","family":"Olmos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies in Neuroendocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies in Neuroendocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2898-3729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Barra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies in Neuroendocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Bahamondes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies in Neuroendocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Diaz-Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5829-824X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hernan E.","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies in Neuroendocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.08.019.2009","article-title":"Prenatal stress, glucocorticoids and the programming of adult disease","volume":"3","author":"Cottrell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. 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