{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T21:05:51Z","timestamp":1771621551534,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peripheral neuro-stimulation (PNS) has been proved to be effective for the treatment of neuropathic pain as well as other painful conditions. We discuss two approaches to PNS placement in the upper extremity. The first case describes a neuropathic syndrome after the traumatic amputation of the distal phalanx of the fifth digit secondary to a work accident with lack of responsiveness to a triple conservative therapy. An upper arm region approach for the PNS was chosen. The procedure had a favorable outcome; in fact, after one month the pain symptoms were absent (VAS 0) and the pharmacological therapy was suspended. The second case presented a patient affected by progressive CRPS type II in the sensory regions of the ulnar and median nerve in the hand, unresponsive to drug therapy. For this procedure, the PNS device was implanted in the forearm. Unfortunately, in this second case the migration of the catheter affected the effectiveness of the treatment. After examining the two cases in this paper, we changed our practice and suggest the implantation of PNS for radial, median and\/or ulnar nerve stimulation in the upper arm region, which has significant advantages over the forearm region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T02:03:08Z","timestamp":1677808988000},"page":"4488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Wireless Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for The Upper Limb: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Bellini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6939-9764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Baciarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5236-3132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Cascella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Istituto Nazionale Tumori\u2013IRCCS, Fondazione Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Saturno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9951-5503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Compagnone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2377-3765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Vittori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Anesthesia and Critical Care, ARCO ROMA, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9 IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena Giovanna","family":"Bignami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1159\/000323017","article-title":"Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Neurogenic Pain","volume":"24","author":"Jacques","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Neurol. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2008.07.027","article-title":"Neurostimulation Techniques for Painful Peripheral Nerve Disorders","volume":"20","author":"Stuart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Clin. N. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000323046","article-title":"Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Fibromyalgia","volume":"24","author":"Plazier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Neurol. Surg."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen-Biton, L., Buskila, D., and Nissanholtz-Gannot, R. (2022). Review of Fibromyalgia (FM) Syndrome Treatments. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912106"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarmento, A.L.C., S\u00e1, B.S., Vasconcelos, A.G., Arcanjo, D.D.R., Durazzo, A., Lucarini, M., Leite, J.R.d.S.d.A., Sousa, H.A., and K\u00fcckelhaus, S.A.S. (2022). Perspectives on the Therapeutic Effects of Pelvic Floor Electrical Stimulation: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. 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Neurosurg."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/20\/5\/4488\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:46:39Z","timestamp":1760121999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/20\/5\/4488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph20054488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20054488","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]}}}