{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:46:06Z","timestamp":1787028366956,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Laboratories Quinton","award":["OTR2015-140931NVES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTR2015-140931NVES"]}]},{"name":"Mapfre Foundation","award":["OTR2015-140931NVES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OTR2015-140931NVES"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim was to explore the effects of a 32-week resistance training (RT) intervention with elastic bands with or without microfiltered seawater (SW) supplementation on isokinetic strength, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and subjective quality of life in postmenopausal women. Ninety-three untrained women (age: 70.00 \u00b1 6.26 years; body mass index: 22.05 \u00b1 3.20 kg\/m2; body fat: 37.77 \u00b1 6.38%; 6.66 \u00b1 1.01 s up-and-go test) voluntarily participated in this randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. Participants were allocated into four groups (RT+SW, RT+PLA, CON+SW, and CON+PLA). The RT intervention (twice weekly) consisted of different exercises for the whole body performed at submaximal intensities with elastic bands. Both control groups were not involved in any exercise program. A two-way mixed analysis of variance of repeated measures revealed significant improvements in almost all the variables in both intervention groups (p &lt; 0.05). However, significant differences with controls were encountered in isokinetic strength, body fat percentage, and bodily pain. Although the group with SW supplementation obtained greater effect sizes, non-significant differences between both RT groups were observed. In conclusion, the determinant factor of the adaptations seems to be RT rather than SW.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T02:30:23Z","timestamp":1678242623000},"page":"4700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of Microfiltered Seawater Intake and Variable Resistance Training on Strength, Bone Health, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Older Women: A 32-Week Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Juesas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2088-5224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Gargallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5901-5245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Gene-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1327-1454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Babiloni-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Saez-Berlanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2126-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"ICEN Institute, 28840 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4391-960X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"Casa\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5118-0668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josep C.","family":"Benitez-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Physiotherapy Technology and Recovering (FTR), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2035-3279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Ramirez-Campillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6612-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Chulvi-Medrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3255-3940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan C.","family":"Colado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-052620-091107","article-title":"Active aging and public health: Evidence, implications, and opportunities","volume":"43","author":"Dogra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. 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