{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T19:05:14Z","timestamp":1784401514392,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Diamond Grant project","award":["DI2014 011144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DI2014 011144"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sepsis-associated liver dysfunction (SALD) is associated with a poor prognosis and increased mortality in the intensive care unit. Bilirubin is one of the components of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment used in Sepsis-3 criteria. Hyperbilirubinemia is a late and non-specific symptom of liver dysfunction. This study aimed to identify plasma biomarkers that could be used for an early diagnosis of SALD. This prospective, observational study was conducted on a group of 79 patients with sepsis and septic shock treated in the ICU. Plasma biomarkers\u2014prothrombin time, INR, antithrombin III, bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, albumin, endothelin-1, hepcidin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), thrombin-antithrombin complex, and interferon-gamma inducible protein (10 kDa) were analysed. Plasma samples were obtained within 24 h after having developed sepsis\/septic shock. Enrolled patients were followed for 14 days for developing SALD and 28 days for overall survival. A total of 24 patients (30.4%) developed SALD. PAI-1 with a cut-off value of 48.7 ng\/mL was shown to be a predictor of SALD (AUC = 0.671, sensitivity 87.3%, and specificity 50.0%) and of 28-day survival in patients with sepsis\/septic shock (p = 0.001). Measuring PAI-1 serum levels at the onset of sepsis and septic shock may be useful in predicting the development of SALD. This should be verified in multicenter prospective clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T02:30:33Z","timestamp":1678415433000},"page":"4846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 in Predicting Sepsis-Associated Liver Dysfunction: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6400-9560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Wo\u017anica-Niesobska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1457-9899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrycja","family":"Le\u015bnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, 4th Military Clinical Hospital, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2164-8079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Janc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, 4th Military Clinical Hospital, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0357-0327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Zalewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Liver Diseases and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1834-1017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lidia","family":"\u0141ysenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2012.01069.x","article-title":"Sepsis-associated liver injury: Incidence, classification and the clinical significance","volume":"43","author":"Kobashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatol. 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