{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:57:06Z","timestamp":1791230226582,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan","award":["21GC1016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21GC1016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Although long-term use of benzodiazepines and z-drugs (BZDs) is not recommended, little is known about the stakeholders\u2019 perceptions. This study aimed to assess and compare the perceptions of BZD use and decision making regarding its discontinuation between psychiatric outpatients and psychiatrists. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Results: Of 104 outpatients, 92% were taking hypnotics and 96% were taking anxiolytics for \u2265a year, while 49% were willing to taper hypnotic\/anxiolytics within a year of starting. Most psychiatrists felt that \u201cpatient and psychiatrist make the decision together on an equal basis\u201d compared to patients (p &lt; 0.001), while more patients felt that \u201cthe decision is (was) made considering the psychiatrists\u2019 opinion\u201d compared to psychiatrists (p &lt; 0.001). Of 543 psychiatrists, 79% reported \u201cpatients were not willing to discontinue hypnotic\/anxiolytic\u201d whereas a certain number of patients conveyed \u201cpsychiatrists did not explain in enough detail about hypnotic\/anxiolytic discontinuation such as procedure (18.3%), timing (19.2%), and appropriate condition (14.4%)\u201d. Conclusion: The results suggest that the majority of psychiatric outpatients were taking hypnotic\/anxiolytics for a long time against their will. There might be a difference in perceptions toward hypnotic\/anxiolytic use and decision making for its discontinuation between psychiatric outpatients and psychiatrists. Further research is necessary to fill this gap.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20075373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T02:03:00Z","timestamp":1680573780000},"page":"5373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Comparison between Perceptions of Psychiatric Outpatients and Psychiatrists Regarding Benzodiazepine Use and Decision Making for Its Discontinuation: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yumi","family":"Aoki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, St. Luke\u2019s International University, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0614-7524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Takeshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9417-4391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiichi","family":"Katsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Katsumoto Mental Clinic, Osaka 543-0056, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Udagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Mental Health & Welfare Bonding Organization, Chiba 272-003, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252\u20130374, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1182-1181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuo","family":"Mishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Takaesu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2018.03.006","article-title":"The Benzodiazepine Binding Sites of GABAA Receptors","volume":"39","author":"Sigel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. 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