{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:31:09Z","timestamp":1760149869891,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"South Florida Water Management District","award":["T42OH008421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T42OH008421"]}]},{"name":"USGS Coastal &amp; Marine Hazards &amp; Resources Program","award":["T42OH008421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T42OH008421"]}]},{"name":"Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health","award":["T42OH008421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T42OH008421"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) can augment water supplies and hydrologic flows under varying climatic conditions. However, imposing drinking water regulations on ASR practices, including pre-treatment before injection into the aquifer, remains arguable. Microbial inactivation data\u2014Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, poliovirus type 1 and Cryptosporidium parvum\u2014were used in a human health risk assessment to identify how the storage time of recharged water in the Floridan Aquifer enhances pathogen inactivation, thereby mitigating the human health risks associated with ingestion. We used a quantitative microbial risk assessment to evaluate the risks for a gastrointestinal infection (GI) and the associated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per person per year. The risk of developing a GI infection for drinking water no longer exceeded the suggested annual risk threshold (1 \u00d7 10\u22124) by days 31, 1, 52 and 80 for each pathogen, respectively. DALYs per person per year no longer exceeded the World Health Organization threshold (1 \u00d7 10\u22126) by days 27, &lt;1, 43 and 72. In summary, storage time in the aquifer yields a significant reduction in health risk. The findings emphasize that considering microbial inactivation, caused by storage time and geochemical conditions within ASR storage zones, is critical for recharge water treatment processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20196833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T08:58:17Z","timestamp":1695718697000},"page":"6833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Informing ASR Treatment Practices in a Florida Aquifer through a Human Health Risk Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4642-0636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Gitter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristina D.","family":"Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5447-2092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John T.","family":"Lisle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Pyne, D. 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