{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T02:25:53Z","timestamp":1768789553267,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Food and\/or housing instability (FHI) has been minimally examined in post-9\/11 US veterans. A randomly selected nationally representative sample of men and women veterans (n = 38,633) from the post-9\/11 US veteran population were mailed invitation letters to complete a survey on health and well-being. Principal component analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify FHI\u2019s key constructs and correlates for 15,166 men and women respondents (9524 men, 5642 women). One-third of veterans reported FHI; it was significantly more likely among women than men (crude odds ratio = 1.31, 95% CI:1.21\u20131.41) and most prevalent post-service (64.2%). \u201cMental Health\/Stress\/Trauma\u201d, \u201cPhysical Health\u201d, and \u201cSubstance Use\u201d were FHI\u2019s major constructs. In both sexes, significant adjusted associations (p &lt; 0.01) were found between FHI and homelessness, depression, adverse childhood experiences, low social support, being enlisted, being non-deployed, living with seriously ill\/disabled person(s), and living in dangerous neighborhoods. In men only, posttraumatic stress disorder (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.37, 95% CI:1.14\u20131.64), cholesterol level (elevated versus normal, AOR = 0.79, 95% CI:0.67\u20130.92), hypertension (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.07\u20131.47), and illegal\/street drug use (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI:1.10\u20131.49) were significant (p &lt; 0.01). In women only, morbid obesity (AOR = 1.90, 95%CI:1.05\u20133.42) and diabetes (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI:1.06\u20132.20) were significant (p &lt; 0.05). Interventions are needed that jointly target adverse food and housing, especially for post-9\/11 veteran women and enlisted personnel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21030356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T05:14:07Z","timestamp":1710738847000},"page":"356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence and Correlates of Food and\/or Housing Instability among Men and Women Post-9\/11 US Veterans"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1975-4497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasmin S.","family":"Cypel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shira","family":"Maguen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California\u2014San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8534-6603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul A.","family":"Bernhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Culpepper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron I.","family":"Schneiderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Epidemiology Program, Office of Patient Care Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Rabbitt, M.P., and Smith, M.D. (2021). 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