{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T07:03:59Z","timestamp":1791529439200,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Ministry of Culture and Equality","award":["150631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150631"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013398","name":"Innlandet Hospital Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["150631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150631"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electronic sports (esports) have evolved into a major cultural phenomenon in the 21st century, mirroring traditional sports with organized, competitive play. This study investigates the prevalence of esports participation and characteristics of esports players among Norwegian adolescents. Using data from the Ungdata survey, a comprehensive web-based survey of Norwegian adolescents that includes questions on demographics, health, physical activity, social relations, and leisure activities such as gaming and esports, we analyzed responses from 70,695 students aged 16\u201318 years collected during 2021\u20132023. We conclude that about one out of twenty in the age group of 16\u201318 years actively engage in esports. The figure conceals significant gender differences: only 0.7% of girls, compared to 8.8% of boys, actively participate in esports. While female esports players differ noticeably from non-players on almost all indicators included in our analyses, the picture among boys reflects more similarities between esports players and other boys, than differences. Among the esports players, females almost consistently reported more negative experiences than males, including less physical socialization, lower self-rated health, higher rates of loneliness and sleeping problems, and a greater difficulty fitting in at school. Despite these negative aspects, esports players maintain close friendships similar to their non-playing peers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21091136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T03:57:06Z","timestamp":1724817426000},"page":"1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence and Characteristics of Female and Male Esports Players among Norwegian Youth: A General Population Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5985-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stian","family":"Over\u00e5","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse & Mental Health Disorders, Hospital Innlandet Trust and Norway, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0250-7772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Bakken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), OsloMet\u2014Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2953-7517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christer","family":"Hyggen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), OsloMet\u2014Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2020.1836509","article-title":"Youth sport 2.0? 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