{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:31:38Z","timestamp":1784802698412,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The caregivers of children suffering from rare diseases face numerous emotional, social, economic, organizational, and other difficulties, which can significantly impair their quality of life and mental health. Therefore, among other things, it is important to understand the factors which can influence psychosocial well-being. This research aimed to explore the association between healthcare satisfaction and social support and stress, depression, and life satisfaction in caregivers, with a moderating role of the ill child\u2019s dependence on their caregiver. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 185 female caregivers of children with rare diseases. The data were analysed by using hierarchical regression analysis to examine the moderating effect of the child\u2019s dependence. Results: Lower dependence of the child moderated the association between a higher level of healthcare satisfaction and reduced stress and a higher level of life satisfaction. Furthermore, lower child dependence moderated the association between a higher level of social support and a reduction in depression. In contrast, this association was absent in female caregivers with highly dependent children. On the other hand, the research confirmed that a higher level of social support led to stress reduction and increased life satisfaction in all respondents, regardless of the child\u2019s dependence. Furthermore, the research confirmed that higher levels of healthcare satisfaction are associated with a reduction in depression in caregivers, regardless of the child\u2019s dependence level. Conclusion: This research highlights the importance of providing adequate social support and high-quality healthcare in order to improve the psychosocial well-being of caregivers of children with rare diseases. Interventions to increase this support can reduce stress and depression and increase caregivers\u2019 life satisfaction. Thus, future research should focus on the development and evaluation of specific interventions that support these factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21091245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T07:38:57Z","timestamp":1726817937000},"page":"1245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Association between Healthcare Satisfaction and Social Support and Stress, Depression, and Life Satisfaction in Female Caregivers: The Moderating Role of Dependence of a Sick Child"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9952-6505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jadranka","family":"Pavi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4402-6263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateja","family":"Krznar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DEBRA, Croatian Epidermolysis Bullosa Association, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6435-5818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Snje\u017eana","family":"\u010cukljek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biserka","family":"Sedi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0160tefanija","family":"Ozimec Vulinec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5673-9515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irena","family":"Kova\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e062126","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062126","article-title":"Criteria to Define Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs: A Systematic Review Protocol","volume":"12","author":"Abozaid","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-022-01026-w","article-title":"A Guide for the Diagnosis of Rare and Undiagnosed Disease: Beyond the Exome","volume":"14","author":"Marwaha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Orphanet (2024, April 10). 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