{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T22:21:25Z","timestamp":1772058085001,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Flinders University and the University of Adelaide"},{"name":"Common Ground"},{"name":"ACH Group"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study assessed the physical and psychological health parameters of adults experiencing homelessness to inform the development and delivery of health services by comparing with a housed population in the same South Australian city. Adults experiencing homelessness, known to existing support services, were invited to participate in a comprehensive assessment of their physical and mental health using questionnaires and objective assessments. Descriptive analyses using the percentage of participants failing to attain recommended published thresholds and accumulated health deficits for 16 health assessments were compared for the young group of people experiencing homelessness (18\u201340 years), the middle aged and older people experiencing homelessness (40\u201375 years), and a housed population of the middle aged and older people (40\u201375 years). Those experiencing homelessness had multiple and potentially inter-related health deficits compared with a population of people not experiencing homelessness in the same city. They were significantly less likely to meet healthy population norms for clinical frailty (p &lt; 0.001), psychological distress (p &lt; 0.001), grip strength (p &lt; 0.001), lung function (p &lt; 0.001), sleep quality (p &lt; 0.001), and pelvic floor bother (p = 0.002). Significantly more accumulated health deficits were found for people experiencing homelessness when compared with the same ages for those who were not (mean 6.5 (SD 2.4) compared with 5.0 (SD 2.1)). This considerably increased for people experiencing homelessness aged less than 40 years (mean 8.7 (1.7)). Priorities for health service provision for people of different ages experiencing homelessness, when compared with housed community dwellers, have been described. The provision of targeted health assessments and service provision that specifically address healthcare needs among people experiencing homelessness are likely to have the biggest impacts across multiple health domains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21101313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:26:33Z","timestamp":1727760393000},"page":"1313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Health Status of People Who Are and Are Not Experiencing Homelessness: Opportunities for Improvement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4760-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan J.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6255-3191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicky","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tania S.","family":"Marin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margie","family":"Steffens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040617-013553","article-title":"Solving homelessness from a complex systems perspective: Insights for prevention responses","volume":"40","author":"Fowler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. 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