{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:29:01Z","timestamp":1760146141512,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dutch Heart Foundation","award":["244","21.12.40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["244","21.12.40"]}]},{"name":"Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development","award":["244","21.12.40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["244","21.12.40"]}]},{"name":"European Union (FP-7)","award":["244","21.12.40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["244","21.12.40"]}]},{"name":"European Fund for the Integration of non-EU immigrants (EIF)","award":["244","21.12.40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["244","21.12.40"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007502","name":"Stichting tot Steun VCVGZ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["244","21.12.40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["244","21.12.40"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fonds Slachtofferhulp","award":["244","21.12.40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["244","21.12.40"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Ethnic minorities exhibit a higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while results for problematic substance use among ethnic groups remain mixed. PTSD and problematic substance use often co-occur; however, the impact of ethnicity on this association has not yet been investigated. (2) Methods: Self-report data on problematic alcohol\/cannabis use (AUDIT\/CUDIT) and presence of severe PTSD symptoms (PSS-SR) of N = 22,841 participants of Dutch (n = 4610), South-Asian Surinamese (n = 3306), African Surinamese (n = 4349), Ghanaian (n = 2389), Turkish (n = 3947), and Moroccan (n = 4240) origin were available from the HELIUS study. (3) Results: We found a positive association between the presence of severe PTSD symptoms and problematic alcohol and cannabis use. Ethnicity did not moderate the association between the presence of severe PTSD symptoms and problematic alcohol\/cannabis use. (4) Conclusions: We demonstrated the relationship between the presence of severe PTSD symptoms and problematic alcohol\/cannabis use in a multi-ethnic sample. The relationship between the presence of severe PTSD symptoms and problematic alcohol\/cannabis use was similar between ethnic groups. We recommend screening for PTSD symptoms in those exhibiting problematic substance use and vice versa, regardless of ethnic background.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21101345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T03:53:47Z","timestamp":1728618827000},"page":"1345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Association between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Problematic Alcohol and Cannabis Use in a Multi-Ethnic Cohort in The Netherlands: The HELIUS Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Christin","family":"K\u00fchner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkin Mental Health Care, Research Department, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, 1033 NN Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Sinai Centrum, Arkin Mental Health Care, 1186 AM Amstelveen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne P.","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkin Mental Health Care, Research Department, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, 1033 NN Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0155-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sera A.","family":"Lortye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkin Mental Health Care, Research Department, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, 1033 NN Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrike","family":"Galenkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public and Occupation Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0560-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Lok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1225-2702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirjam","family":"van Zuiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-2272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnoud R.","family":"Arntz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Thomaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Sinai Centrum, Arkin Mental Health Care, 1186 AM Amstelveen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna E.","family":"Goudriaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkin Mental Health Care, Research Department, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, 1033 NN Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3252-6459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marleen M.","family":"de Waal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkin Mental Health Care, Research Department, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, 1033 NN Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X10000725","article-title":"Beyond WEIRD: Towards a broad-based behavioral science","volume":"33","author":"Henrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav. 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