{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:46:13Z","timestamp":1787028373820,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The successful introduction of medical devices (MDs) in real-world settings hinges on designing service processes that cater to stakeholders\u2019 needs. While human-centered design (HCD) approaches have been widely applied to service process innovation, the literature lacks a methodology that leverages MDs\u2019 key features to design service processes that meet stakeholders\u2019 needs. This study aims to fill this gap by developing a framework for the HCD of service processes enabled by MDs. The proposed framework mixes and adapts methodological elements from HCD and technology-enabled design approaches and proposes four new tools. The five-phase framework was applied to the design of a new Parkinson\u2019s disease diagnosis and treatment process (PD-DTP) enabled by two wearable MDs for the detection of motor symptoms. The case study lasted five months and involved 42 stakeholders in 21 meetings (interviews, focus groups, etc.). Thanks to the case study, the framework was tested, and a new PD-DTP that could benefit all stakeholders involved was identified. This study provides a framework that, in addition to contributing to theory, could assist MDs developers and healthcare managers in designing service processes that cater to stakeholders\u2019 needs by leveraging MDs\u2019 key features.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21101367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T10:11:04Z","timestamp":1729073464000},"page":"1367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Framework for the Human-Centered Design of Service Processes Enabled by Medical Devices: A Case Study of Wearable Devices for Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4383-5572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Vannelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 40\/44, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3262-6844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Visintin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 40\/44, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clio","family":"Dosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Aziendali, University of Bologna, Via Capo di Lucca 34, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5784-3752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Fiorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 40\/44, 50134 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7906-9013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Rovini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 40\/44, 50134 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7432-5033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Cavallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 40\/44, 50134 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2023.102941","article-title":"Digital technology and COVID-19 pandemic: Feasibility and acceptance of an innovative telemedicine platform","volume":"130","author":"Foglia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinelli, M., Manetti, S., and Lettieri, E. 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