{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:50:31Z","timestamp":1790704231927,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health","award":["1U54GM104944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U54GM104944"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Housing insecurity is a critical issue within Southern Nevada. However, little is known about the housing-insecurity-related needs of LGBTQIA+ Southern Nevadans. The aim of this study was to identify strategies to address housing insecurity among this vulnerable community. Utilizing community-based participatory research and concept mapping, the most salient solutions were identified and prioritized at a Community Housing Forum. This Forum brought together stakeholders with expertise in housing or who work with the LGBTQIA+ community. The most important identified solutions consistently emphasized the criticality of culturally competent mental health services; the need for affordable housing options; and various social and environmental factors. There is a continued need for research and collaboration among organizations and providers to better serve LGBTQIA+ individuals experiencing housing insecurity. Additional research is needed to determine the efficacy of the identified solutions and to inform the development of context-specific and broadly applicable strategies to address housing insecurity within this community.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21121540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T04:46:11Z","timestamp":1732164371000},"page":"1540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identifying and Ranking Strategies to Address Housing Insecurity and Homelessness Within the LGBTQIA+ Community in Southern Nevada: Utilization of Community-Based Participatory Research and Concept Mapping"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Emylia","family":"Terry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0383-2641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Pharr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1947-2641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato M.","family":"Liboro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6979-4660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Courtney","family":"Coughenour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krystal","family":"Kittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Education, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Waldron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The LGBTQIA+ Community Center of Southern Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89101, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1244-738X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason D.","family":"Flatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). Measuring Housing Insecurity in the American Housing Survey, Available online: https:\/\/www.huduser.gov\/portal\/pdredge\/pdr-edge-frm-asst-sec-111918.html."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). Social Determinants of Health, Available online: https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/priority-areas\/social-determinants-health."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300139","article-title":"US housing insecurity and the health of very young children","volume":"101","author":"Cutts","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2005.00278.x","article-title":"Housing instability and food insecurity as barriers to health care among low-income Americans","volume":"21","author":"Kushel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1080\/10511482.2015.1020321","article-title":"Housing affordability and health: Evidence from New York City","volume":"26","author":"Meltzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hous. Policy Debate"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1080\/10511482.2015.1015042","article-title":"Development of an index of subsidized housing availability and its relationship to housing insecurity","volume":"26","author":"Bailey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hous. Policy Debate"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1177\/0192513X14530970","article-title":"Affording housing at the expense of health: Exploring the housing and neighborhood strategies of poor families","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Fam. Issues"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). The State of the Nation\u2019s Housing 2020. Available online: https:\/\/www.jchs.harvard.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/files\/Harvard_JCHS_The_State_of_the_Nations_Housing_2020_Report_Revised_120720.pdf."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2307\/3211288","article-title":"The affordable housing crisis: Residential mobility of poor families and school mobility of poor children","volume":"72","author":"Crowley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Negro Educ."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.1604","article-title":"Mortality among homeless adults in Boston: Shifts in causes of death over a 15-year period","volume":"173","author":"Baggett","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.076190","article-title":"Homelessness, health status, and health care use","volume":"97","author":"Schanzer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). State of Homelessness: 2023 Edition. Available online: https:\/\/endhomelessness.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/State-of-Homelessness-2023-Edition-Webinar-Slides-5-24-2023.pdf."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). LGBT People are More Likely than Non-LGBT People to Face Housing Instability. Available online: https:\/\/williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu\/press\/lgbt-housing-press-release\/."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). LGBT Youth Population in the United States. Available online: https:\/\/williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/LGBT-Youth-US-Pop-Sep-2020.pdf."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-023-01284-8","article-title":"Food and housing insecurity in Nevada during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"49","author":"Coughenour","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Community Health"},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). The 2020 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress, Available online: https:\/\/www.huduser.gov\/portal\/sites\/default\/files\/pdf\/2020-AHAR-Part-1.pdf."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). Las Vegas Among Cities with Highest Rates of Homelessness, Study Says. Available online: https:\/\/news3lv.com\/news\/local\/las-vegas-among-cities-with-highest-rates-of-homelessness-study-says."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). Las Vegas Valley Homeless Population Jumps from 2022. Available online: https:\/\/www.reviewjournal.com\/local\/local-las-vegas\/las-vegas-valley-homeless-population-jumps-from-2022-2885602\/."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). LGBT Demographic Data Interactive. Available online: https:\/\/williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu\/visualization\/lgbt-stats\/?topic=LGBT&area=4#about-the-data."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"9","article-title":"Problem gambling within Nevada\u2019s sexual and gender minority community: A community needs assessment approach","volume":"21","author":"Terry","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nev J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/13576280110051055","article-title":"Community-based participatory research: Policy recommendations for promoting a partnership approach in health research","volume":"14","author":"Israel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Educ. Health"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.19.1.173","article-title":"Review of community-based research: Assessing partnership approaches to improve public health","volume":"19","author":"Israel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.165720","article-title":"Linking science and policy through community-based participatory research to study and address health disparities","volume":"100","author":"Minkler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/ajcp.12530","article-title":"Engage for equity: Advancing the fields of community-based participatory research and community-engaged research in community psychology and the social sciences","volume":"67","author":"Wallerstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Community Psychol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.184036","article-title":"Community-based participatory research contributions to intervention research: The intersection of science and practice to improve health equity","volume":"100","author":"Wallerstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Concept Systems Incorporated (2022). groupwisdom\u2122, Concept Systems Incorporated."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"e12477","article-title":"Using concept mapping to identify recruitment and engagement strategies for inclusion of LGBTQIA+ populations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementia research","volume":"10","author":"Kittle","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bickman, L., and Rog, D.J. (2009). Concept mapping for applied social research. The SAGE Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods, SAGE Publications, Incorporated. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483348858"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kane, M., and Trochim, W.M.K. (2007). Concept Mapping for Planning and Evaluation, SAGE Publications, Incorporated.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412983730"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2014.04.002","article-title":"Concept mapping as a promising method to bring practice into science","volume":"128","author":"Holsappel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). An Estimate of Housing Discrimination Against Same-Sex Couples, Available online: https:\/\/www.huduser.gov\/portal\/Publications\/pdf\/Hsg_Disc_against_SameSexCpls_v3.pdf."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). A Paired-Testing Pilot Study of Housing Discrimination Against Same-Sex Couples and Transgender Individuals, Available online: https:\/\/www.huduser.gov\/portal\/publications\/paired-testing-pilot-study-of-housing-discrimination-against-same-sex-couples-and-transgender-individuals.html."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). LGBT People and Housing Affordability, Discrimination, and Homelessness. Available online: https:\/\/williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/LGBT-Housing-Apr-2020.pdf."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/0145935X.2016.1151781","article-title":"Queer, young, and homeless: A review of the literature","volume":"37","author":"Ecker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1068\/d277t","article-title":"Coming out and outcomes: Negotiating lesbian and gay identities with, and in, the family","volume":"21","author":"Valentine","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Plann. D"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1215\/10642684-2-3-253","article-title":"Get thee to a big city: Sexual imaginary and the great gay migration","volume":"2","author":"Weston","year":"1995","journal-title":"GLQ"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). Maintaining Dignity: Understanding and Responding to the Challenges Facing Older LGBT Americans. Available online: https:\/\/www.aarp.org\/content\/dam\/aarp\/research\/surveys_statistics\/life-leisure\/2018\/maintaining-dignity-lgbt.doi.10.26419%252Fres.00217.001.pdf."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"(2024, January 30). Poverty in the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Community. Available online: https:\/\/williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/Albelda-Badgett-Schneebaum-Gates-LGB-Poverty-Report-March-2009.pdf."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"The Report of the 2015, U.S. (2024, January 30). Transgender Survey. Available online: https:\/\/transequality.org\/sites\/default\/files\/USTS%20AIAN%20Report.pdf."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13052","article-title":"Health and health care access in the US transgender population health (TransPop) survey","volume":"9","author":"Feldman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenwohl-Mack, A., Smith, D., Greene, M., Skultety, K., Deutsch, M., Dubbin, L., and Flatt, J.D. (2022). Building HOUSE (Healthy Outcomes Using a Supportive Environment): Exploring the role of affordable and inclusive housing for LGBTQIA+ older adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031699"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"121","article-title":"Research and knowledge networks in the European Network for Housing Research","volume":"2","author":"Marques","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geogr. Rev. Da Fac. De Let. Da Univ. Do Porto"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/10911350903269757","article-title":"The ecology of homelessness","volume":"20","author":"Nooe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hum. Behav. Soc. Environ."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"19","article-title":"Homelessness, poverty and social exclusion in the United States and Europe","volume":"4","author":"Shinn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Homelessness"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fraser, B., Pierse, N., Chisholm, E., and Cook, H. (2019). LGBTIQ+ homelessness: A review of the literature. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16152677"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-018-0223-0","article-title":"Hospitalization among street-involved youth who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada: A longitudinal analysis","volume":"15","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Harm Reduct. J."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.5172\/jamh.2012.11.1.8","article-title":"Substance use and mental health","volume":"11","author":"Frederick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Ment. Health"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1136\/eb-2014-101810","article-title":"Mental health problems in young people with experiences of homelessness and the relationship with health service use: A follow-up study","volume":"17","author":"Hodgson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid. Based Ment. Health"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-012-9793-4","article-title":"The mediating roles of stress and maladaptive behaviors on self-harm and suicide attempts among runaway and homeless youth","volume":"42","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/19491247.2018.1519341","article-title":"Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer experiences of homelessness and identity: Insecurity and home(o)normativity","volume":"19","author":"Matthews","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Hous. Policy"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/21\/12\/1540\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:36:25Z","timestamp":1760114185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/21\/12\/1540"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph21121540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph21121540","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]}}}