{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:41:40Z","timestamp":1760146900505,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21MD016126","P30DK092923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21MD016126","P30DK092923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21MD016126","P30DK092923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21MD016126","P30DK092923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>AI\/AN communities are disproportionately impacted by food insecurity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Decreasing the risk of GDM can interrupt the intergenerational cycle of diabetes in AI\/AN families, and can decrease diabetes-related health disparities. The goal of this study was to explore ways of supporting holistic health and reducing the risk of GDM among young American Indian and Alaska Native (AI\/AN) females prior to pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adult AI\/AN women (&gt;18 years) who had GDM or who have young female relatives (e.g., daughters) (n = 41), AI\/AN females between 12 and 24 years (n = 18), and key experts in food\/nutrition and health within AI\/AN communities (n = 32). Three themes emerged: (1) guidance on how to support young females\u2019 holistic wellness; (2) evidence that generations of colonial violence, including forced removal, forced poverty, and the imposition of a Western-based food system, causes deeper, systemic fracturing of traditional cultural food knowledge and practices; and the fact that (3) opportunities for improved adolescent female health are rooted in AI\/AN values and how AI\/AN people resist the impacts of anti-Indigenous racism through family-based, community-led, and holistic health. These themes suggest alternative understandings about the relationships between food insecurity and holistic pre-pregnancy health and can guide our next steps in decreasing health disparities in these communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22010025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T10:17:40Z","timestamp":1735640260000},"page":"25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Supporting Holistic Health and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk Reduction Among Young Native Females Prior to Pregnancy: A Qualitative Exploration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4107-3313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Stotz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana E.","family":"Hebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Seattle, WA 99163, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1255-0811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Scarton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family, Consumer and Health Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelli","family":"Begay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Oklahoma City, OK 73012, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Gonzales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Garrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Regis Mohawk Diabetes Center for Excellence, Akwesasne, NY 13655, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Charley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Portland, OR 97035, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Aspaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Charron-Prochownik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6194-1961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spero M.","family":"Manson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Health promotion and diabetes prevention in American Indian and Alaska Native communities -Traditional foods project, 2008\u20132014","volume":"65","author":"Satterfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Morb. 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