{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1778342469362,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP23K18819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K18819"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP22K20142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K20142"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP23K18788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K18788"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP25K00626"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25K00626"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alcohol use is closely related to health, emotional state, and social behavior. However, no clear consensus exists on how socioeconomic factors influence drinking habits or how the COVID-19 pandemic affected alcohol use. This study examines these relationships in Japan using panel data from a questionnaire survey (2014\u20132022), consisting of 10,836 responses provided by 1289 respondents, and logistic regression analysis. The results revealed that males, individuals aged 40\u201369, cigarette smokers, and those who exercise regularly are more likely to drink alcohol, whereas those working at least 2 days per week, earning higher incomes, and in good health are less likely to drink alcohol. The impact of COVID-19 on drinking behavior varied by region, with significant effects observed in specific regions. Additionally, an identified decline in alcohol use since 2016 highlights rising health awareness and shifting values, particularly among younger generations. These findings underscore the strong association between drinking behavior and socioeconomic attributes and emphasize the need to consider regional differences in policy and cultural influences. Overall, this study provides key insights for future research and public health policies on alcohol use in Japan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22050663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T03:43:37Z","timestamp":1745379817000},"page":"663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Panel Data Analysis of Socioeconomic Factors and COVID-19\u2019s Impact on Drinking Habits: Evidence from a Japanese Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0077-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Nakakita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, RIKEN, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan"},{"name":"Kokushu Tech Innovation Platform, Tokyo 103-0013, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8013-8357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoki","family":"Toyabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics, Kanazawa Gakuin University, Ishikawa 920-1392, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakae","family":"Oya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Finance, Technology and Economics at Keio, Keio University, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5279-6270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teruo","family":"Nakatsuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00428119","article-title":"Mood effects of alcohol","volume":"68","author":"Persson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460.2022.2105398","article-title":"Contribution of environmental factors and female reproductive history to hypertension and obesity incidence in later life","volume":"49","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. 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