{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:31:25Z","timestamp":1783132285522,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fruit and Vegetable for Sustainable Healthy Diet (FRESH) Initiative","award":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"]}]},{"name":"CGIAR researchers from IFPRI, CIMMYT, The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, IWMI, and CIP in close partnership with the World Vegetable Center, the Applied Horticultural Research, the University of Sydney, the Institute of Development Studies, Wageningen University &amp; Research, the University of California, Davis, the Sokoine University of Agriculture, the Wayamba University of Sri Lanka and the Philippines Department of Science and Technology-Food and Nutrition Research Institute along with other partners","award":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"]}]},{"name":"Healthy Diets for Africa (HD4A) project under the Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT\u2019s supervision","award":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"]}]},{"name":"European Union","award":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01083388-HORIZON-CL6-2022-FARM2FORK-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fruit and vegetables (F&amp;V) are recommended for a healthy life. Adolescence is a critical period for the onset of eating disorders and future health. F&amp;V consumption among adolescents is globally low, making this group a key target for diet\/nutrition-related interventions. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess F&amp;V consumption among secondary school students in the food-insecure communes of Boukombe (rural) and Natitingou (urban), Benin. Using probabilistic random sampling, 303 students completed F&amp;V intake frequency questionnaires and 24-h dietary recalls on school and non-school days. Poisson models identified factors associated with F&amp;V consumption. The results showed that only 8.8% (Boukombe) and 11% (Natitingou) of students consumed fruit at least twice per day, and over 80% of students had not eaten fruit in the preceding 24 h; 9.9% and 11.4%, respectively, consumed vegetables at least twice per day. On average, 45.5% of students in Boukombe and 68% in Natitingou consumed at least three types of vegetables on school days. The most commonly consumed fruits were oranges in Boukombe and lemons in Natitingou. Factors influencing fruit consumption included sex (p = 0.005), age (p = 0.04), and mothers\u2019 occupation (p = 0.03) on school days\/and school or non-school days, while commune (p = 0.00017) and ethnic group affected vegetable consumption. Such low F&amp;V consumption among surveyed students is a matter of public health concern, as it is likely to affect their health\u2015in terms of micronutrient deficiency\u2015and intellectual performance. These results should incentivize nutrition researchers, project managers, public health officials, and policymakers to (re)design and implement broader measures targeting secondary school students\u2019 dietary practices to increase their F&amp;V consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22050767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T09:26:48Z","timestamp":1747128408000},"page":"767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Adolescent Secondary School Students in Boukombe and Natitingou, North Benin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8283-343X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melina Maureen","family":"Houndolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cotonou 08 P.O. Box 932, Benin"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences Abomey-Calavi, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi 01 P.O. Box 526, Benin"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatitics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5619-3409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Bodjrenou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cotonou 08 P.O. Box 932, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irmgard","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioversity International, Nairobi P.O. Box 823-00621, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elianna","family":"Majaliwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences Abomey-Calavi, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi 01 P.O. Box 526, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4454-0741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elie","family":"Koukou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cotonou 08 P.O. Box 932, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7920-0627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kandala","family":"Ngianga-Bakwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatitics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colette","family":"Azandjeme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut R\u00e9gional de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Ouidah P.O. Box 384, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie Nyambura","family":"Katsivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatitics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3217-0226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Termote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioversity International, Nairobi P.O. Box 823-00621, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waliou","family":"Amoussa Hounkpatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences Abomey-Calavi, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi 01 P.O. Box 526, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cole, M.B., Augustin, M.A., Robertson, M.J., and Manners, J.M. (2018). The science of food security. Npj Sci. Food, 2.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-018-0021-9"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Denutrition proteino-energetique chez l\u2019enfant protein energy malnutrition in children","volume":"37","author":"Hsairi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. L\u2019inf. M\u00e9d. Sfax"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2024, March 11). WHO Africa\u2019s Health Depends on Improved Nutrition. WHO|Regional Office for Africa. Available online: https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/news\/africas-health-depends-improved-nutrition."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"INSAE, and PAM (2023, November 16). 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