{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:48:36Z","timestamp":1791402516485,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a critical and potentially fatal form of lung injury that gained considerable public health concern in 2019. The use of e-cigarettes and vaping products is causally associated with EVALI, a condition characterized by a constellation of respiratory symptoms, such as coughing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. This comprehensive narrative literature review explores the complexities of EVALI, including its association with the structure and composition of e-cigarettes and its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical and radiological manifestations, management strategies, and public health implications. Moreover, it uncovers the long-term repercussions of EVALI and underscores the ongoing research endeavors designed to mitigate and comprehend the risks associated with using e-cigarettes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22050792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T06:54:28Z","timestamp":1747724068000},"page":"792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Asim","family":"Amjad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health-McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 1.434, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ocazionez Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health-McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4323-2410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa M.","family":"Estrada-Y-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health-McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 1.434, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujith V.","family":"Cherian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health-McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 1.434, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.15331","article-title":"Prevalence of E-Cigarette Use Among Adults in the United States, 2014\u20132018","volume":"322","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.18387","article-title":"E-Cigarette Use Among Youth in the United States, 2019","volume":"322","author":"Cullen","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2023063484","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-063484","article-title":"The Evolution of a Pediatric Public Health Crisis: E-Cigarette or Vaping-Associated Lung Injury","volume":"153","author":"Barker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6839e1","article-title":"Characteristics of a Multistate Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with E-Cigarette Use, or Vaping\u2014United States, 2019","volume":"68","author":"Perrine","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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