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Cross-national comparisons of cultural models of addiction are needed to better understand how addiction is perceived and to inform culturally responsive treatment approaches for women. This study examined cultural models of addiction among reproductive-aged women receiving treatment for substance misuse in London, Toronto, and Delhi. Participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire with open-ended and free-list prompts. Findings revealed shared cultural models attributing drug use to psychological factors, such as self-medicating to manage negative emotions or enhance positive ones, as well as relational, developmental, and biological influences. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of incorporating cultural models into research and treatment. By using an inductive approach to explore meanings surrounding drug use among people in recovery, researchers can better understand how interventions are received and interpreted through existing internal frameworks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22071064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:07:17Z","timestamp":1751515637000},"page":"1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reconstructing Cross-Cultural Meanings of Addiction Among Women from Three Countries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5315-5431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlyn D.","family":"Placek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8965-3221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lora","family":"Adair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University of London, London UB8 3PH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ishita","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wellbeing, Regent College London, London WC1R 4BH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2319-3362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sugandh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vandana","family":"Phadke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gait and Motion Analysis Lab, Center for Paediatric Orthopaedics and Disabilities, Gurugram 122002, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1026-9930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maninder","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Spinal Injury Centre, Delhi 110037, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UNODC (2025, March 20). 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