{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:48:18Z","timestamp":1782845298970,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Japan has the world\u2019s fastest-aging population. The number of older adults living alone has increased rapidly; however, the number of people waiting for nursing care facilities is high, especially in urban areas, and home care is unavoidable. Few studies have focused on older adults living alone who require nursing care, and almost no reports have examined the factors influencing the continuation or discontinuation of living alone. Furthermore, no reports were found that classified nursing care levels for the survey. This study\u2019s purpose was to clarify what kind of long-term care for older adults living alone in urban areas is most effective in enabling them to continue living at home. A total of 122 older adults in need of long-term care in Osaka City were divided into two groups; one group was those who continued to live alone in December 2022, the other was those who had to discontinue doing so after January 2020. A questionnaire was distributed to the care managers responsible for older adults living alone who required nursing care. The participants\u2019 basic attributes, long-term care services usage, and the characteristics of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) support were compared according to care level using Fisher\u2019s exact test. The relevant effective factors for continuing to live alone were extracted using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed differences in the characteristics of both groups at both care level categories used in the study, Support Care Level 1\u2013Nursing Care Level 2 and Nursing Care Level 3\u20135. Among the support items, indoor temperature control was suggested as a factor that influences continued living alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22071084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T08:58:23Z","timestamp":1751878703000},"page":"1084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effective Social Support to Enable Older Adults Living Alone in Japan to Continue Living at Home"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Miwako","family":"Naoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"United Nations (2023, November 30). 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A"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/22\/7\/1084\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:05:50Z","timestamp":1760033150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/22\/7\/1084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph22071084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph22071084","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]}}}