{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T08:36:55Z","timestamp":1780389415217,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":158,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Famed lawyer Clarence Darrow (1857\u20131938) argued strongly for an early-life public health approach to crime prevention, one that focused on education, poverty reduction, and equity of resources. Due to his defense of marginalized persons and his positions that were often at odds with his legal colleagues and public opinion, he was known as the Big Minority Man. He argued that the assumption of free will\u2014humans as free moral agents\u2014justifies systems of inequity, retributive punishment, and \u201cunadulterated brutality.\u201d Here, the authors revisit Darrow\u2019s views and expand upon them via contemporary research. We examine increasingly louder argumentation\u2014from scholars across multiple disciplines\u2014contending that prescientific notions of willpower, free will, blameworthiness, and moral responsibility, are contributing to social harms. We draw from biopsychosocial perspectives and recent scientific consensus papers calling for the dismantling of folk psychology ideas of willpower and blameworthiness in obesity. We scrutinize how the status quo of the legal system is justified and argue that outdated notions of \u2018moral fiber\u2019 need to be addressed at the root. The authors examine recent arguments for one of Darrow\u2019s ideas\u2014a public health quarantine model of public safety and carceral care that considers the \u2018causes of the causes\u2019 and risk assessments through a public health lens. In our view, public health needs to vigorously scrutinize the prescientific \u201cnormative\u201d underpinnings of the criminal justice system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22081170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T09:05:12Z","timestamp":1753347912000},"page":"1170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Big Minority View: Do Prescientific Beliefs Underpin Criminal Justice Cruelty, and Is the Public Health Quarantine Model a Remedy?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Alan C.","family":"Logan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4845-8590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan L.","family":"Prescott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nova Institute for Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA"},{"name":"The Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Family and Community Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Anon (1928). 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