{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T06:33:53Z","timestamp":1766990033346,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of Canada\u2019s New Frontiers in Research Fund","award":["NFRFR-2022-00305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NFRFR-2022-00305"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by a patchwork of government policies in countries around the world, many of which limited civil liberties in unprecedented ways. Here, our objective was to analyze the scope and spatio-temporal patterns of workplace vaccination mandates. Using daily policy data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker for 2021\u20132022, we developed a simple mandate intensity index representing the number of affected employment sectors and the duration of each mandate by country. These metrics suggest a largely inconsistent pandemic response. We found that less than one-third of the 185 countries included in the dataset implemented such \u201cno jab, no job\u201d policies. Even among groups of culturally and politically aligned countries, such as the core Anglosphere, policies varied greatly: between one (United Kingdom) and 10 (Australia) out of 12 employment sectors had vaccination mandates. The most frequently and longest mandated sectors included government officials and healthcare workers, two broad groups with different risk profiles. We discuss these discrepancies from a critical perspective, considering the limited evidence for the mandates\u2019 effectiveness along with their potential to cause harmful outcomes, and recommend careful cost\u2013benefit analyses in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23010037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T06:25:51Z","timestamp":1766989551000},"page":"37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Scope and Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Workplace Vaccination Mandates During the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3425-7808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claus","family":"Rinner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Uda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurie","family":"Manwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"United Nations (2024, March 27). 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