{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:42:14Z","timestamp":1789760534445,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"City of Vienna Fund for Innovative Interdisciplinary Cancer Research","award":["22230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22230"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Women with intellectual disabilities (IDs) face persistent health inequities, particularly in preventive services such as breast cancer screening, where participation rates remain disproportionately low. These disparities contribute to higher mortality and poorer survivorship outcomes, often linked to later-stage diagnoses. To better understand these challenges and inform the development of inclusive screening programs, this qualitative study conducted in Austria explored barriers, facilitators, and needs related to breast cancer screening from the dual perspectives of 17 women with mild-to-moderate IDs aged 45 and older and 10 caregivers. Semi-structured focus groups and interviews were analyzed thematically within a constructivist framework, integrating perspectives from both groups. Barriers included social taboos around sexuality, psychological distress, exclusion through standardized procedures, and unclear responsibility among stakeholders. Facilitators involved person-centered communication, accessible information, emotional and practical support, and familiar healthcare environments. Women with IDs expressed a strong desire for education, autonomy, and inclusion, while caregivers played a pivotal role in enabling access. These findings demonstrate that low screening participation among women with IDs is driven by systemic and organizational barriers rather than lack of health awareness or willingness to participate. Without structurally inclusive design, organized screening programs risk perpetuating preventable inequities in early detection. Embedding accessibility, clear accountability, and person-centered communication as standard features of breast cancer screening is therefore a public health priority to reduce avoidable late-stage diagnoses and narrow survival disparities for women with IDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23010124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T08:36:33Z","timestamp":1768898193000},"page":"124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring Inclusion in Austria\u2019s Breast Cancer Screening:A Dual-Perspective Study of Women with Intellectual Disabilities and Their Caregivers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5118-2548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theresa","family":"Wagner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Doctoral School in Cognition, Behavior and Neuroscience, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nourhan","family":"Makled","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4679-0090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina","family":"Scior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, London WC1E 7HB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3655-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Maria","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1699-9846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Unseld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, 1160 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0625-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth Lucia","family":"Zeilinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research SBG, Academy for Ageing Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit, 1160 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Division of Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34030","article-title":"Cancer-Related Mortality among People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study","volume":"128","author":"Cuypers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Breau, G. 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