{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:44:13Z","timestamp":1790819053626,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>PFAS contamination represents a slow, invisible chronic technological disaster with documented long-term psychosocial impacts on affected communities. However, existing research has predominantly focused on toxicological and biomedical outcomes, leaving the lived experiences and narrative dimensions of contamination underexplored. This study investigates how residents of PFAS-contaminated communities experience and narrate environmental contamination by applying Edelstein\u2019s Theory of Environmental Turbulence (TET) and integrating a bottom-up stage-based model of psychosocial reaction with narrative epidemiology. Twenty-five personal narratives were selected from the digital archive Living With PFAS and analyzed through thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged, corresponding to the TET dimensions of lifescape, lifestyle, and lifestrain, articulated across twelve subthemes: inversion of health, self, home community and place, environment, livelihood, trust, environmental stigma, shock and fear, chronic concern, anger, parental guilt and relation strain. The findings demonstrate that PFAS contamination produces multidimensional disruptions that extend beyond toxic exposure to encompass identity, social relationships, institutional trust, and collective memory. Integrating TET with Psycho-Social Impact Assessment (PSIA) offers a theoretically grounded and exploratory transdisciplinary framework for identifying hidden suffering and informing more responsive environmental health policies and community interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23040448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T09:26:12Z","timestamp":1775121972000},"page":"448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["PFAS Contamination and the Impacts of Environmental Turbulence: The Role of Collective Memory and Narrative Epidemiology in Invisible Disaster"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5607-7635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Menegatto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Interuniversity Research Centre in Environmental Psychology (CIRPA), 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Edelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Science and Human Services, Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2687-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"DeVasto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Writing, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6800-170X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriano","family":"Zamperini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Interuniversity Research Centre in Environmental Psychology (CIRPA), 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.08.051","article-title":"The Seveso Accident: A Look at 40 years of Health Research and Beyond","volume":"121","author":"Eskenazi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. 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