{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T16:04:53Z","timestamp":1779379493940,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituti de Investigaciones de la Red REOALCEI","award":["5.000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5.000"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The public sector constitutes a complex system of psycho-affective management, where leadership and autonomy are crucial for institutional efficacy. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between leadership, autonomy (control over work), and other psychosocial risk factors across six departments of a government agency in Mexico, under the framework of NOM-035-STPS-2018. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational design was utilized with 235 public servants, employing Reference Guide III of the official standard to identify psychosocial risk categories. The results, analyzed through Welch and Games\u2013Howell tests, reveal significant differences based on the operational nature of each unit. Public Safety and Civil Protection present critical risks due to high demand and low control. The Municipal DIF (System for the Integral Development of the Family) stands out as a protective environment thanks to its positive leadership. A statistically significant association was identified between lower leadership quality and a decrease in work autonomy (rho = 0.701), along with a consistently low perception of performance recognition across all evaluated departments (p = 0.056). It is concluded that management style influences the perception of psychosocial risk, suggesting the need for interventions centered on humanistic leadership to mitigate occupational stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23050639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:02:27Z","timestamp":1779375747000},"page":"639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Psychosocial Risks and Leadership in Municipal Government Agencies: A Study Based on NOM-035-STPS-2018 in Zacatecas, Mexico"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5389-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Villagr\u00e1n Rueda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Psychology, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98066, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5097-811X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisandro Jos\u00e9","family":"Alvarado-Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Management, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Escuinapa, Escuinapa 82400, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Alfredo","family":"Vega Osuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Economic-Administrative Department, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Occidente, Culiac\u00e1n Rosales 80020, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flor de la Cruz","family":"Salaiza Liz\u00e1rraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Economic and Administrative Sciences, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Culiac\u00e1n, Tecnol\u00f3gico Nacional de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03330, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4225-9032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma. Loecelia Guadalupe","family":"Ruvalcaba S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de Informaci\u00f3n Geoespacial, A.C., Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14240, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6336-3413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bertha Luc\u00eda","family":"Santos-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Administration, Accounting and Law, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Coahuila 25000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo Valent\u00edn","family":"Mu\u00f1\u00f3z Castorena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Methods, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilfred Fabi\u00e1n Rivera","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Universidad Uniaut\u00f3noma del Cauca, Popay\u00e1n 190001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A complexity theory perspective on politico-administrative systems: Insights from a systematic literature review","volume":"28","author":"Paananen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. 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Q."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/23\/5\/639\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:05:35Z","timestamp":1779375935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/23\/5\/639"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph23050639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph23050639","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]}}}