{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:45:41Z","timestamp":1782816341828,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Implicit bias, automatic attitudes or stereotypes outside conscious awareness, may influence clinicians\u2019 communication, diagnosis, and treatment decisions, contributing to inequities in care. We conducted a scoping review to map measurement strategies used to assess implicit bias among health professionals and students in healthcare and training settings. Using Joanna Briggs Institute guidance and PRISMA-ScR, we searched PubMed, Embase, BVS, Google Scholar, and institutional repositories for studies to November 2025; two reviewers independently screened and charted data (protocol was developed a priori but submitted internal in organization, and then uploaded in OSF. Of 1864 records, 93 studies from 28 countries were included. We identified 57 bias domains, most often race\/ethnicity, weight, and sexual orientation. Across studies, 42 unique instruments were reported; the Implicit Association Test was most common, while psychometric validation and administration details were frequently limited, constraining comparability and interpretation. Evidence gap mapping showed concentration in academic and hospital settings, with fewer studies in primary care or community contexts and limited attention to age, disability, and intersectionality-related biases. The evidence base is growing but fragmented; future work should prioritize standardized administration and reporting, stronger validation, and tools that better capture automatic responding across diverse identities and care settings to support education and equity-oriented interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23070840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:01:17Z","timestamp":1782813677000},"page":"840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Implicit Bias in Health Professionals: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4843-7036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"Chacon-Acevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evidence Evaluation, Research for Health Decisions (CEIDS), Translational Research Group, Keralty Global Institute for Health Care Excellence (IGEC-K), Bogot\u00e1 110111, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2798-1577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keralty Global Institute for Health Care Excellence (IGEC-K), Bogot\u00e1 110111, Colombia"},{"name":"Family Medicine Postgraduate Programme, Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Sanitas, Bogot\u00e1 110131, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4881-6071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Alexander","family":"Castro-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Social Sciences and Education Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Sanitas, Bogot\u00e1 110131, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6160-4291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonatan Ferney","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Social Sciences and Education Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Sanitas, Bogot\u00e1 110131, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0391-5811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Bermudez-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Models and Programs Unit, Keralty Global Institute for Health Care Excellence (IGEC-K), Bogot\u00e1 110111, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9779-338X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Rojas-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evidence Evaluation, Research for Health Decisions (CEIDS), Translational Research Group, Keralty Global Institute for Health Care Excellence (IGEC-K), Bogot\u00e1 110111, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellis, G. 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