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Brazilian undergraduate pedagogy students enrolled in distance education were randomly assigned (1:1) to an eight-week Mindfulness-Based Program for Undergraduate Students or a control group. Primary outcomes included positive mental health, anxiety, and depression, while secondary outcomes were sense of coherence, resilience, mindfulness, and perceived stress. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. A total of 317 students were randomly allocated to the intervention group (n = 157) or the control group (n = 160), and 215 (67.8%) completed the study, with comparable baseline characteristics across groups. Compared with controls, the intervention significantly improved positive mental health and reduced anxiety and depression (all p &lt; 0.001), while also increasing sense of coherence, resilience, and mindfulness and reducing perceived stress (all p &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that scalable, low-cost, online mindfulness interventions can simultaneously enhance positive mental health and reduce psychological distress, supporting their potential as preventive mental health strategies in higher education settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23070853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:01:17Z","timestamp":1782813677000},"page":"853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of an Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Improving Mental Health in Undergraduate Students: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1385-246X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiane","family":"Penachiotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirian","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"},{"name":"Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4625-9128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Braulio Henrique","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"},{"name":"Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6103-8262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederico","family":"Mariano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 11015-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adi","family":"Mana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioral Studies, Peres Academic Center, Rehovot 76120, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shifra","family":"Sagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martin Springer Center for Conflict Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2918-1266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rute","family":"Grossi-Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"},{"name":"Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Cesumar University, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00579-1","article-title":"Our Future: A Lancet Commission on Adolescent Health and Wellbeing","volume":"387","author":"Patton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.5.469","article-title":"Emerging Adulthood: A Theory of Development from the Late Teens through the Twenties","volume":"55","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. 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