{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T11:01:11Z","timestamp":1785322871781,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health","IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Latin America and Africa face complex public health challenges shaped by social, environmental, and epidemiological factors. This study conducts a comparative analysis of publicly available national health strategies and national policy documents from 52 countries in Africa and 12 countries from Latin America, supplemented with data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The analysis focuses on five domains: social determinants of health, environmental health, infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and immunization. This study examines how these health priorities are represented in national policy frameworks. Across the reviewed country sample, national policy documents tend to emphasize challenges related to health care access, the growing burden of NCDs, and environmental risks. In selected Latin American countries, migration-related pressures, health system fragmentation, and uneven vaccination coverage are primarily highlighted. In selected African countries, policy priorities tend to focus on communicable diseases, infrastructure limitations, and large zero-dose populations. The study underscores policy priorities and highlights opportunities for cross-regional learning. Strengthening primary health care, improving domestic health financing, and enhancing environmental health governance emerge as key areas for policy development. These findings support the value of comparative policy analysis in informing context-sensitive and equity-oriented health strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23080986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:13:47Z","timestamp":1785320027000},"page":"986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparative Analysis of National Health Strategies and Policy Documents in Selected Latin American and African Countries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9873-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s Mauricio","family":"Garcia-Sierra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiDriver, Building 230, 2nd Floor, Calle Jacinto Palacios, City of Knowledge (Ciudad del Saber), Clayton, Panama City 0843, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmud","family":"Sheku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiDriver, Building 230, 2nd Floor, Calle Jacinto Palacios, City of Knowledge (Ciudad del Saber), Clayton, Panama City 0843, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8210-632X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luz Adriana","family":"Urbina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiDriver, Building 230, 2nd Floor, Calle Jacinto Palacios, City of Knowledge (Ciudad del Saber), Clayton, Panama City 0843, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9074-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Becerra-Posada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC5, Miami, FL 33199, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4054-5588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Espinal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC5, Miami, FL 33199, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2586-4115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"DeAntonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endpoints, Building 221, 4th Floor, Calle Jacinto Palacios, City of Knowledge (Ciudad del Saber), Clayton, Panama City 0843, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana Carolina","family":"Rivera-Pinz\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiDriver, Building 230, 2nd Floor, Calle Jacinto Palacios, City of Knowledge (Ciudad del Saber), Clayton, Panama City 0843, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2023-016686","article-title":"Health services under pressure: A scoping review and development of a taxonomy of adaptive strategies","volume":"33","author":"Page","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Qual. 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