{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:50:11Z","timestamp":1792810211365,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,2]],"date-time":"2009-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D and calcium insufficiencies are risk factors for multiple chronic diseases. Data from 46 recent studies from Europe, North America, South-East Asia and the South Pacific area clearly indicate that a low vitamin D status and inadequate calcium nutrition are highly prevalent in the general population (30\u201380%), affecting both genders. The extent of insufficiencies is particularly high in older populations, and in some geographical areas, also in children and in young women of child-bearing age, in ethnic minorities and immigrants, as well as in people of low socio-economic status. Enrichment of cereal grain products with vitamin D and calcium would be a viable approach to increase consumption and improve health outcomes in the general population worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph6102585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,5]],"date-time":"2009-10-05T13:45:43Z","timestamp":1254750343000},"page":"2585-2607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Vitamin D and Calcium Insufficiency-Related Chronic Diseases: an Emerging World-Wide Public Health Problem"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Meinrad","family":"Peterlik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Boonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Leuven University, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heide S.","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Lamberg-Allardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Calcium Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Agnes Sjobergin katu 2, F-00014 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2005.01487.x","article-title":"Vitamin D and calcium deficits predispose for multiple chronic diseases","volume":"35","author":"Peterlik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. 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